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MySQL 8.0 Reference Manual  /  ...  /  ndbxfrm — Compress, Decompress, Encrypt, and Decrypt Files Created by NDB Cluster

25.5.31 ndbxfrm — Compress, Decompress, Encrypt, and Decrypt Files Created by NDB Cluster

The ndbxfrm utility, introduced in NDB 8.0.22, can be used to decompress, decrypt, and output information about files created by NDB Cluster that are compressed, encrypted, or both. It can also be used to compress or encrypt files.

Table 25.52 Command-line options used with the program ndbxfrm

Format Description Added, Deprecated, or Removed

--compress,

-c

Compress file

ADDED: NDB 8.0.22

--decrypt-key=key

Supply file decryption key

ADDED: NDB 8.0.31

--decrypt-key-from-stdin

Supply file decryption key from stdin

ADDED: NDB 8.0.31

--decrypt-password=password

Use this password to decrypt file

ADDED: NDB 8.0.22

--decrypt-password-from-stdin

Get decryption password in a secure fashion from STDIN

ADDED: NDB 8.0.24

--defaults-extra-file=path

Read given file after global files are read

(Supported in all NDB releases based on MySQL 8.0)

--defaults-group-suffix=string

Also read groups with concat(group, suffix)

(Supported in all NDB releases based on MySQL 8.0)

--defaults-file=path

Read default options from given file only

(Supported in all NDB releases based on MySQL 8.0)

--encrypt-block-size=#

Print info about file including file header and trailer

ADDED: NDB 8.0.31

--encrypt-block-size=#

Size of input data chunks encrypted as a unit. Used with XTS, set to zero for CBC mode

ADDED: NDB 8.0.29

--encrypt-cipher=#

Encryption cipher: 1 for CBC, 2 for XTS

ADDED: NDB 8.0.29

--encrypt-kdf-iter-count=#,

-k #

Number of iterations used in key definition

ADDED: NDB 8.0.22

--encrypt-key=key

Use this key to encrypt file

ADDED: NDB 8.0.31

--encrypt-key-from-stdin

Use key supplied from stdin to encrypt file

ADDED: NDB 8.0.31

--encrypt-password=password

Use this password to encrypt file

ADDED: NDB 8.0.22

--encrypt-password-from-stdin

Get encryption password in a secure fashion from STDIN

ADDED: NDB 8.0.24

--help,

-?

Print usage information

ADDED: NDB 8.0.22

--info,

-i

Print file information

ADDED: NDB 8.0.22

--login-path=path

Read given path from login file

(Supported in all NDB releases based on MySQL 8.0)

--no-defaults

Do not read default options from any option file other than login file

(Supported in all NDB releases based on MySQL 8.0)

--print-defaults

Print program argument list and exit

(Supported in all NDB releases based on MySQL 8.0)

--usage,

-?

Prints usage information; synonym for --help

ADDED: NDB 8.0.22

--version,

-V

Output version information

ADDED: NDB 8.0.22


Usage

ndbxfrm --info file[ file ...]

ndbxfrm --compress input_file output_file

ndbxfrm --decrypt-password=password input_file output_file

ndbxfrm [--encrypt-ldf-iter-count=#] --encrypt-password=password input_file output_file

input_file and output_file cannot be the same file.

Options

  • --compress, -c

    Command-Line Format --compress
    Introduced 8.0.22-ndb-8.0.22

    Compresses the input file, using the same compression method as is used for compressing NDB Cluster backups, and writes the output to an output file. To decompress a compressed NDB backup file that is not encrypted, it is necessary only to invoke ndbxfrm using the names of the compressed file and an output file (with no options required).

  • --decrypt-key=key, -K key

    Command-Line Format --decrypt-key=key
    Introduced 8.0.31-ndb-8.0.31

    Decrypts a file encrypted by NDB using the supplied key.

    Note

    This option cannot be used together with --decrypt-password.

  • --decrypt-key-from-stdin

    Command-Line Format --decrypt-key-from-stdin
    Introduced 8.0.31-ndb-8.0.31

    Decrypts a file encrypted by NDB using the key supplied from stdin.

  • --decrypt-password=password

    Command-Line Format --decrypt-password=password
    Introduced 8.0.22-ndb-8.0.22
    Type String
    Default Value [none]

    Decrypts a file encrypted by NDB using the password supplied.

    Note

    This option cannot be used together with --decrypt-key.

  • --decrypt-password-from-stdin[=TRUE|FALSE]

    Command-Line Format --decrypt-password-from-stdin
    Introduced 8.0.24-ndb-8.0.24

    Decrypts a file encrypted by NDB, using a password supplied from standard input. This is similar to entering a password after invoking mysql --password with no password following the option.

  • --defaults-extra-file

    Command-Line Format --defaults-extra-file=path
    Type String
    Default Value [none]

    Read given file after global files are read.

  • --defaults-file

    Command-Line Format --defaults-file=path
    Type String
    Default Value [none]

    Read default options from given file only.

  • --defaults-group-suffix

    Command-Line Format --defaults-group-suffix=string
    Type String
    Default Value [none]

    Also read groups with CONCAT(group, suffix).

  • --detailed-info

    Command-Line Format --encrypt-block-size=#
    Introduced 8.0.31-ndb-8.0.31
    Type Boolean
    Default Value FALSE

    Print out file information like --info, but include the file's header and trailer.

    Example:

    $> ndbxfrm --detailed-info S0.sysfile
    File=/var/lib/cluster-data/ndb_7_fs/D1/NDBCNTR/S0.sysfile, compression=no, encryption=yes
    header: {
      fixed_header: {
        magic: {
          magic: { 78, 68, 66, 88, 70, 82, 77, 49 },
          endian: 18364758544493064720,
          header_size: 32768,
          fixed_header_size: 160,
          zeros: { 0, 0 }
        },
        flags: 73728,
        flag_extended: 0,
        flag_zeros: 0,
        flag_file_checksum: 0,
        flag_data_checksum: 0,
        flag_compress: 0,
        flag_compress_method: 0,
        flag_compress_padding: 0,
        flag_encrypt: 18,
        flag_encrypt_cipher: 2,
        flag_encrypt_krm: 1,
        flag_encrypt_padding: 0,
        flag_encrypt_key_selection_mode: 0,
        dbg_writer_ndb_version: 524320,
        octets_size: 32,
        file_block_size: 32768,
        trailer_max_size: 80,
        file_checksum: { 0, 0, 0, 0 },
        data_checksum: { 0, 0, 0, 0 },
        zeros01: { 0 },
        compress_dbg_writer_header_version: { ... },
        compress_dbg_writer_library_version: { ... },
        encrypt_dbg_writer_header_version: { ... },
        encrypt_dbg_writer_library_version: { ... },
        encrypt_key_definition_iterator_count: 100000,
        encrypt_krm_keying_material_size: 32,
        encrypt_krm_keying_material_count: 1,
        encrypt_key_data_unit_size: 32768,
        encrypt_krm_keying_material_position_in_octets: 0,
      },
      octets: {
         102, 68, 56, 125, 78, 217, 110, 94, 145, 121, 203, 234, 26, 164, 137, 180,
         100, 224, 7, 88, 173, 123, 209, 110, 185, 227, 85, 174, 109, 123, 96, 156,
      }
    }
    trailer: {
      fixed_trailer: {
        flags: 48,
        flag_extended: 0,
        flag_zeros: 0,
        flag_file_checksum: 0,
        flag_data_checksum: 3,
        data_size: 512,
        file_checksum: { 0, 0, 0, 0 },
        data_checksum: { 226, 223, 102, 207 },
        magic: {
          zeros: { 0, 0 }
          fixed_trailer_size: 56,
          trailer_size: 32256,
          endian: 18364758544493064720,
          magic: { 78, 68, 66, 88, 70, 82, 77, 49 },
        },
      }
    }
  • --encrypt-block-size=#

    Command-Line Format --encrypt-block-size=#
    Introduced 8.0.29-ndb-8.0.29
    Type Integer
    Default Value 0
    Minimum Value 0
    Maximum Value 2147483647

    Size of input data chunks that are encrypted as a unit. Used with XTS; set to 0 (the default) for CBC mode.

  • --encrypt-cipher=#

    Command-Line Format --encrypt-cipher=#
    Introduced 8.0.29-ndb-8.0.29
    Type Integer
    Default Value 1
    Minimum Value 0
    Maximum Value 2147483647

    Cipher used for encryption. Set to 1 for CBC mode (the default), or 2 for XTS.

  • --encrypt-kdf-iter-count=#, -k #

    Command-Line Format --encrypt-kdf-iter-count=#
    Introduced 8.0.22-ndb-8.0.22
    Type Integer
    Default Value 0
    Minimum Value 0
    Maximum Value 2147483647

    When encrypting a file, specifies the number of iterations to use for the encryption key. Requires the --encrypt-password option.

  • --encrypt-key=key

    Command-Line Format --encrypt-key=key
    Introduced 8.0.31-ndb-8.0.31

    Encrypts a file using the supplied key.

    Note

    This option cannot be used together with --encrypt-password.

  • --encrypt-key-from-stdin

    Command-Line Format --encrypt-key-from-stdin
    Introduced 8.0.31-ndb-8.0.31

    Encrypt a file using the key supplied from stdin.

  • --encrypt-password=password

    Command-Line Format --encrypt-password=password
    Introduced 8.0.22-ndb-8.0.22
    Type String
    Default Value [none]

    Encrypts the backup file using the password supplied by the option. The password must meet the requirements listed here:

    • Uses any of the printable ASCII characters except !, ', ", $, %, \, `, and ^

    • Is no more than 256 characters in length

    • Is enclosed by single or double quotation marks

    Note

    This option cannot be used together with --encrypt-key.

  • --encrypt-password-from-stdin[=TRUE|FALSE]

    Command-Line Format --encrypt-password-from-stdin
    Introduced 8.0.24-ndb-8.0.24

    Encrypts a file using a password supplied from standard input. This is similar to entering a password is entered after invoking mysql --password with no password following the option.

  • --help, -?

    Command-Line Format --help
    Introduced 8.0.22-ndb-8.0.22

    Prints usage information for the program.

  • --info, -i

    Command-Line Format --info
    Introduced 8.0.22-ndb-8.0.22

    Prints the following information about one or more input files:

    • The name of the file

    • Whether the file is compressed (compression=yes or compression=no)

    • Whether the file is encrypted (encryption=yes or encryption=no)

    Example:

    $> ndbxfrm -i BACKUP-10-0.5.Data BACKUP-10.5.ctl BACKUP-10.5.log
    File=BACKUP-10-0.5.Data, compression=no, encryption=yes
    File=BACKUP-10.5.ctl, compression=no, encryption=yes
    File=BACKUP-10.5.log, compression=no, encryption=yes

    Beginning with NDB 8.0.31, you can also see the file's header and trailer using the --detailed-info option.

  • --login-path

    Command-Line Format --login-path=path
    Type String
    Default Value [none]

    Read given path from login file.

  • --no-defaults

    Command-Line Format --no-defaults

    Do not read default options from any option file other than login file.

  • --print-defaults

    Command-Line Format --print-defaults

    Print program argument list and exit.

  • --usage, -?

    Command-Line Format --usage
    Introduced 8.0.22-ndb-8.0.22

    Synonym for --help.

  • --version, -V

    Command-Line Format --version
    Introduced 8.0.22-ndb-8.0.22

    Prints out version information.

ndbxfrm can encrypt backups created by any version of NDB Cluster. The .Data, .ctl, and .log files comprising the backup must be encrypted separately, and these files must be encrypted separately for each data node. Once encrypted, such backups can be decrypted only by ndbxfrm, ndb_restore, or ndb_print_backup from NDB Cluster 8.0.22 or later.

An encrypted file can be re-encrypted with a new password using the --encrypt-password and --decrypt-password options together, like this:

ndbxfrm --decrypt-password=old --encrypt-password=new input_file output_file

In the example just shown, old and new are the old and new passwords, respectively; both of these must be quoted. The input file is decrypted and then encrypted as the output file. The input file itself is not changed; if you do not want it to be accessible using the old password, you must remove the input file manually.