15.7.7.22 SHOW INDEX Statement

SHOW [EXTENDED] {INDEX | INDEXES | KEYS}
    {FROM | IN} tbl_name
    [{FROM | IN} db_name]
    [WHERE expr]

SHOW INDEX returns table index information. The format resembles that of the SQLStatistics call in ODBC. This statement requires some privilege for any column in the table.

mysql> SHOW INDEX FROM City\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
        Table: city
   Non_unique: 0
     Key_name: PRIMARY
 Seq_in_index: 1
  Column_name: ID
    Collation: A
  Cardinality: 4188
     Sub_part: NULL
       Packed: NULL
         Null:
   Index_type: BTREE
      Comment:
Index_comment:
      Visible: YES
   Expression: NULL
*************************** 2. row ***************************
        Table: city
   Non_unique: 1
     Key_name: CountryCode
 Seq_in_index: 1
  Column_name: CountryCode
    Collation: A
  Cardinality: 232
     Sub_part: NULL
       Packed: NULL
         Null:
   Index_type: BTREE
      Comment:
Index_comment:
      Visible: YES
   Expression: NULL

An alternative to tbl_name FROM db_name syntax is db_name.tbl_name. These two statements are equivalent:

SHOW INDEX FROM mytable FROM mydb;
SHOW INDEX FROM mydb.mytable;

The optional EXTENDED keyword causes the output to include information about hidden indexes that MySQL uses internally and are not accessible by users.

The WHERE clause can be given to select rows using more general conditions, as discussed in Section 28.8, “Extensions to SHOW Statements”.

SHOW INDEX returns the following fields:

• Table

  The name of the table.

• Non_unique

  0 if the index cannot contain duplicates, 1 if it can.

• Key_name

  The name of the index. If the index is the primary key, the name is always PRIMARY.

• Seq_in_index

  The column sequence number in the index, starting with 1.

• Column_name

  The column name. See also the description for the Expression column.

• Collation

  How the column is sorted in the index. This can have values A (ascending), D (descending), or NULL (not sorted).

• Cardinality

  An estimate of the number of unique values in the index. To update this number, run ANALYZE TABLE or (for MyISAM tables) myisamchk -a.

  Cardinality is counted based on statistics stored as integers, so the value is not necessarily exact even for small tables. The higher the cardinality, the greater the chance that MySQL uses the index when doing joins.

• Sub_part

  The index prefix. That is, the number of indexed characters if the column is only partly indexed, NULL if the entire column is indexed.

  Note

  Prefix limits are measured in bytes. However, prefix lengths for index specifications in CREATE TABLE, ALTER TABLE, and CREATE INDEX statements are interpreted as number of characters for nonbinary string types (CHAR, VARCHAR, TEXT) and number of bytes for binary string types (BINARY, VARBINARY, BLOB). Take this into account when specifying a prefix length for a nonbinary string column that uses a multibyte character set.

  For additional information about index prefixes, see Section 10.3.5, “Column Indexes”, and Section 15.1.15, “CREATE INDEX Statement”.

• Packed

  Indicates how the key is packed. NULL if it is not.

• Null

  Contains YES if the column may contain NULL values and '' if not.

• Index_type

  The index method used (BTREE, FULLTEXT, HASH, RTREE).

• Comment

  Information about the index not described in its own column, such as disabled if the index is disabled.

• Index_comment

  Any comment provided for the index with a COMMENT attribute when the index was created.

• Visible

  Whether the index is visible to the optimizer. See Section 10.3.12, “Invisible Indexes”.

• Expression

  MySQL 8.0.13 and higher supports functional key parts (see Functional Key Parts), which affects both the Column_name and Expression columns:

  • For a nonfunctional key part, Column_name indicates the column indexed by the key part and Expression is NULL.

  • For a functional key part, Column_name column is NULL and Expression indicates the expression for the key part.

Information about table indexes is also available from the INFORMATION_SCHEMA STATISTICS table. See Section 28.3.34, “The INFORMATION_SCHEMA STATISTICS Table”. The extended information about hidden indexes is available only using SHOW EXTENDED INDEX; it cannot be obtained from the STATISTICS table.

You can list a table's indexes with the mysqlshow -k db_name tbl_name command.

In MySQL 8.0.30 and later, SHOW INDEX includes the table's generated invisible key, if it has one, by default. You can cause this information to be suppressed in the statement's output by setting show_gipk_in_create_table_and_information_schema = OFF. For more information, see Section 15.1.20.11, “Generated Invisible Primary Keys”.