15.1.19 CREATE SPATIAL REFERENCE SYSTEM Statement

CREATE OR REPLACE SPATIAL REFERENCE SYSTEM
    srid srs_attribute ...

CREATE SPATIAL REFERENCE SYSTEM
    [IF NOT EXISTS]
    srid srs_attribute ...

srs_attribute: {
    NAME 'srs_name'
  | DEFINITION 'definition'
  | ORGANIZATION 'org_name' IDENTIFIED BY org_id
  | DESCRIPTION 'description'
}

srid, org_id: 32-bit unsigned integer

This statement creates a spatial reference system (SRS) definition and stores it in the data dictionary. It requires the SUPER privilege. The resulting data dictionary entry can be inspected using the INFORMATION_SCHEMA ST_SPATIAL_REFERENCE_SYSTEMS table.

SRID values must be unique, so if neither OR REPLACE nor IF NOT EXISTS is specified, an error occurs if an SRS definition with the given srid value already exists.

With CREATE OR REPLACE syntax, any existing SRS definition with the same SRID value is replaced, unless the SRID value is used by some column in an existing table. In that case, an error occurs. For example:

mysql> CREATE OR REPLACE SPATIAL REFERENCE SYSTEM 4326 ...;
ERROR 3716 (SR005): Can't modify SRID 4326. There is at
least one column depending on it.

To identify which column or columns use the SRID, use this query, replacing 4326 with the SRID of the definition you are trying to create:

SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.ST_GEOMETRY_COLUMNS WHERE SRS_ID=4326;

With CREATE ... IF NOT EXISTS syntax, any existing SRS definition with the same SRID value causes the new definition to be ignored and a warning occurs.

SRID values must be in the range of 32-bit unsigned integers, with these restrictions:

• SRID 0 is a valid SRID but cannot be used with CREATE SPATIAL REFERENCE SYSTEM.

• If the value is in a reserved SRID range, a warning occurs. Reserved ranges are [0, 32767] (reserved by EPSG), [60,000,000, 69,999,999] (reserved by EPSG), and [2,000,000,000, 2,147,483,647] (reserved by MySQL). EPSG stands for the European Petroleum Survey Group.

• Users should not create SRSs with SRIDs in the reserved ranges. Doing so runs the risk of the SRIDs conflicting with future SRS definitions distributed with MySQL, with the result that the new system-provided SRSs are not installed for MySQL upgrades or that the user-defined SRSs are overwritten.

Attributes for the statement must satisfy these conditions:

• Attributes can be given in any order, but no attribute can be given more than once.

• The NAME and DEFINITION attributes are mandatory.

• The NAME srs_name attribute value must be unique. The combination of the ORGANIZATION org_name and org_id attribute values must be unique.

• The NAME srs_name attribute value and ORGANIZATION org_name attribute value cannot be empty or begin or end with whitespace.

• String values in attribute specifications cannot contain control characters, including newline.

• The following table shows the maximum lengths for string attribute values.

  Table 15.6 CREATE SPATIAL REFERENCE SYSTEM Attribute Lengths

  Attribute	Maximum Length (characters)
  NAME	80
  DEFINITION	4096
  ORGANIZATION	256
  DESCRIPTION	2048

  
  

Here is an example CREATE SPATIAL REFERENCE SYSTEM statement. The DEFINITION value is reformatted across multiple lines for readability. (For the statement to be legal, the value actually must be given on a single line.)

CREATE SPATIAL REFERENCE SYSTEM 4120
NAME 'Greek'
ORGANIZATION 'EPSG' IDENTIFIED BY 4120
DEFINITION
  'GEOGCS["Greek",DATUM["Greek",SPHEROID["Bessel 1841",
  6377397.155,299.1528128,AUTHORITY["EPSG","7004"]],
  AUTHORITY["EPSG","6120"]],PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,
  AUTHORITY["EPSG","8901"]],UNIT["degree",0.017453292519943278,
  AUTHORITY["EPSG","9122"]],AXIS["Lat",NORTH],AXIS["Lon",EAST],
  AUTHORITY["EPSG","4120"]]';

The grammar for SRS definitions is based on the grammar defined in OpenGIS Implementation Specification: Coordinate Transformation Services, Revision 1.00, OGC 01-009, January 12, 2001, Section 7.2. This specification is available at http://www.opengeospatial.org/standards/ct.

MySQL incorporates these changes to the specification:

• Only the <horz cs> production rule is implemented (that is, geographic and projected SRSs).

• There is an optional, nonstandard <authority> clause for <parameter>. This makes it possible to recognize projection parameters by authority instead of name.

• The specification does not make AXIS clauses mandatory in GEOGCS spatial reference system definitions. However, if there are no AXIS clauses, MySQL cannot determine whether a definition has axes in latitude-longitude order or longitude-latitude order. MySQL enforces the nonstandard requirement that each GEOGCS definition must include two AXIS clauses. One must be NORTH or SOUTH, and the other EAST or WEST. The AXIS clause order determines whether the definition has axes in latitude-longitude order or longitude-latitude order.

• SRS definitions may not contain newlines.

If an SRS definition specifies an authority code for the projection (which is recommended), an error occurs if the definition is missing mandatory parameters. In this case, the error message indicates what the problem is. The projection methods and mandatory parameters that MySQL supports are shown in Table 15.7, “Supported Spatial Reference System Projection Methods” and Table 15.8, “Spatial Reference System Projection Parameters”.

For additional information about writing SRS definitions for MySQL, see Geographic Spatial Reference Systems in MySQL 8.0 and Projected Spatial Reference Systems in MySQL 8.0

The following table shows the projection methods that MySQL supports. MySQL permits unknown projection methods but cannot check the definition for mandatory parameters and cannot convert spatial data to or from an unknown projection. For detailed explanations of how each projection works, including formulas, see EPSG Guidance Note 7-2.

Table 15.7 Supported Spatial Reference System Projection Methods

EPSG Code	Projection Name	Mandatory Parameters (EPSG Codes)
1024	Popular Visualisation Pseudo Mercator	8801, 8802, 8806, 8807
1027	Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area (Spherical)	8801, 8802, 8806, 8807
1028	Equidistant Cylindrical	8823, 8802, 8806, 8807
1029	Equidistant Cylindrical (Spherical)	8823, 8802, 8806, 8807
1041	Krovak (North Orientated)	8811, 8833, 1036, 8818, 8819, 8806, 8807
1042	Krovak Modified	8811, 8833, 1036, 8818, 8819, 8806, 8807, 8617, 8618, 1026, 1027, 1028, 1029, 1030, 1031, 1032, 1033, 1034, 1035
1043	Krovak Modified (North Orientated)	8811, 8833, 1036, 8818, 8819, 8806, 8807, 8617, 8618, 1026, 1027, 1028, 1029, 1030, 1031, 1032, 1033, 1034, 1035
1051	Lambert Conic Conformal (2SP Michigan)	8821, 8822, 8823, 8824, 8826, 8827, 1038
1052	Colombia Urban	8801, 8802, 8806, 8807, 1039
9801	Lambert Conic Conformal (1SP)	8801, 8802, 8805, 8806, 8807
9802	Lambert Conic Conformal (2SP)	8821, 8822, 8823, 8824, 8826, 8827
9803	Lambert Conic Conformal (2SP Belgium)	8821, 8822, 8823, 8824, 8826, 8827
9804	Mercator (variant A)	8801, 8802, 8805, 8806, 8807
9805	Mercator (variant B)	8823, 8802, 8806, 8807
9806	Cassini-Soldner	8801, 8802, 8806, 8807
9807	Transverse Mercator	8801, 8802, 8805, 8806, 8807
9808	Transverse Mercator (South Orientated)	8801, 8802, 8805, 8806, 8807
9809	Oblique Stereographic	8801, 8802, 8805, 8806, 8807
9810	Polar Stereographic (variant A)	8801, 8802, 8805, 8806, 8807
9811	New Zealand Map Grid	8801, 8802, 8806, 8807
9812	Hotine Oblique Mercator (variant A)	8811, 8812, 8813, 8814, 8815, 8806, 8807
9813	Laborde Oblique Mercator	8811, 8812, 8813, 8815, 8806, 8807
9815	Hotine Oblique Mercator (variant B)	8811, 8812, 8813, 8814, 8815, 8816, 8817
9816	Tunisia Mining Grid	8821, 8822, 8826, 8827
9817	Lambert Conic Near-Conformal	8801, 8802, 8805, 8806, 8807
9818	American Polyconic	8801, 8802, 8806, 8807
9819	Krovak	8811, 8833, 1036, 8818, 8819, 8806, 8807
9820	Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area	8801, 8802, 8806, 8807
9822	Albers Equal Area	8821, 8822, 8823, 8824, 8826, 8827
9824	Transverse Mercator Zoned Grid System	8801, 8830, 8831, 8805, 8806, 8807
9826	Lambert Conic Conformal (West Orientated)	8801, 8802, 8805, 8806, 8807
9828	Bonne (South Orientated)	8801, 8802, 8806, 8807
9829	Polar Stereographic (variant B)	8832, 8833, 8806, 8807
9830	Polar Stereographic (variant C)	8832, 8833, 8826, 8827
9831	Guam Projection	8801, 8802, 8806, 8807
9832	Modified Azimuthal Equidistant	8801, 8802, 8806, 8807
9833	Hyperbolic Cassini-Soldner	8801, 8802, 8806, 8807
9834	Lambert Cylindrical Equal Area (Spherical)	8823, 8802, 8806, 8807
9835	Lambert Cylindrical Equal Area	8823, 8802, 8806, 8807

The following table shows the projection parameters that MySQL recognizes. Recognition occurs primarily by authority code. If there is no authority code, MySQL falls back to case-insensitive string matching on the parameter name. For details about each parameter, look it up by code in the EPSG Online Registry.

Table 15.8 Spatial Reference System Projection Parameters

EPSG Code	Fallback Name (Recognized by MySQL)	EPSG Name
1026	c1	C1
1027	c2	C2
1028	c3	C3
1029	c4	C4
1030	c5	C5
1031	c6	C6
1032	c7	C7
1033	c8	C8
1034	c9	C9
1035	c10	C10
1036	azimuth	Co-latitude of cone axis
1038	ellipsoid_scale_factor	Ellipsoid scaling factor
1039	projection_plane_height_at_origin	Projection plane origin height
8617	evaluation_point_ordinate_1	Ordinate 1 of evaluation point
8618	evaluation_point_ordinate_2	Ordinate 2 of evaluation point
8801	latitude_of_origin	Latitude of natural origin
8802	central_meridian	Longitude of natural origin
8805	scale_factor	Scale factor at natural origin
8806	false_easting	False easting
8807	false_northing	False northing
8811	latitude_of_center	Latitude of projection centre
8812	longitude_of_center	Longitude of projection centre
8813	azimuth	Azimuth of initial line
8814	rectified_grid_angle	Angle from Rectified to Skew Grid
8815	scale_factor	Scale factor on initial line
8816	false_easting	Easting at projection centre
8817	false_northing	Northing at projection centre
8818	pseudo_standard_parallel_1	Latitude of pseudo standard parallel
8819	scale_factor	Scale factor on pseudo standard parallel
8821	latitude_of_origin	Latitude of false origin
8822	central_meridian	Longitude of false origin
8823	standard_parallel_1, standard_parallel1	Latitude of 1st standard parallel
8824	standard_parallel_2, standard_parallel2	Latitude of 2nd standard parallel
8826	false_easting	Easting at false origin
8827	false_northing	Northing at false origin
8830	initial_longitude	Initial longitude
8831	zone_width	Zone width
8832	standard_parallel	Latitude of standard parallel
8833	longitude_of_center	Longitude of origin