MySQL HeatWave User Guide

Abstract

This document describes how to use MySQL HeatWave. It covers how to load data from the DB System and Object Storage, accelerate query processing, optimize workloads, and use the machine learning and generative AI features of MySQL HeatWave.

For information about creating and managing a MySQL HeatWave Cluster on Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI), see MySQL HeatWave on OCI Service Guide.

For information about creating and managing a MySQL HeatWave Cluster on Amazon Web Services (AWS), see MySQL HeatWave on AWS Service Guide.

For information about creating and managing a MySQL HeatWave Cluster on Oracle Database Service for Azure (ODSA), see MySQL HeatWave for Azure Service Guide.

For MySQL Server documentation, refer to the MySQL Reference Manual.

For information about the latest MySQL HeatWave features and updates, refer to the MySQL HeatWave Release Notes.

For legal information, see the Legal Notices.

For help with using MySQL, please visit the MySQL Forums, where you can discuss your issues with other MySQL users.

Licensing information.  This product may include third-party software, used under license. See MySQL HeatWave License Information User Manual for licensing information, including licensing information relating to third-party software that may be included in this release.

Document generated on: 2025-08-15 (revision: 83318)

Table of Contents

1 Overview
1.1 About MySQL HeatWave
1.2 MySQL HeatWave Features
1.3 About Accessing, Managing, and Connecting to MySQL HeatWave
1.4 Supported Cloud Platforms
1.5 Integration with Oracle Cloud Services
2 Get Started
2.1 Review Requirements
2.2 Create a MySQL HeatWave DB System
2.3 Provision a MySQL HeatWave Cluster
2.4 Get a User Account and Required Privileges
2.5 Connect to the MySQL HeatWave DB System
3 Quickstarts
3.1 Quickstart: tpch Analytics
3.2 Quickstart: AirportDB Analytics
3.3 Quickstart: Create and Use a Machine Learning Model
3.4 Quickstart: Set Up a GenAI-Powered Help Chat
4 Load and Manage Data
4.1 Load Data into DB System
4.1.1 Import Data
4.1.2 Bulk Ingest Data
4.2 Load Data from DB System into MySQL HeatWave Cluster
4.2.1 Supported Data Types for MySQL HeatWave
4.2.2 Prepare to Load Data
4.2.3 Enable or Disable Data Compression
4.2.4 About Auto Parallel Load
4.2.5 Load Data Using Auto Parallel Load
4.2.6 Load Data Manually
4.2.7 About Change Propagation
4.2.8 Reload Tables
4.3 Load Data from Object Storage into MySQL HeatWave Cluster
4.3.1 About MySQL HeatWave Lakehouse
4.3.2 Additional MySQL HeatWave Lakehouse Requirements
4.3.3 MySQL HeatWave Lakehouse Privileges
4.3.4 Supported File Formats and Data Types
4.3.5 Access Object Storage
4.3.6 Lakehouse External Table Syntax
4.3.7 About Lakehouse Auto Parallel Load
4.3.8 Load Structured Data Using Lakehouse Auto Parallel Load
4.3.9 Load Structured Data Manually
4.3.10 Load Unstructured Data
4.3.11 Update Tables
4.4 Unload Data from MySQL HeatWave Cluster
4.4.1 Unload Data Automatically
4.4.2 Unload Data Manually
4.5 Retrieve MySQL HeatWave Metadata
4.5.1 View Secondary Engine Definitions
4.5.2 List Excluded Columns
4.6 Export Query Results to Object Storage
4.6.1 About Exporting Query Results
4.6.2 Requirements to Export Query Results
4.6.3 Export Query Results to CSV Files
4.6.4 Export Query Results to Parquet Files
4.6.5 Export Query Results to ND-JSON Files
4.6.6 Redacted PAR URLs in Exported Log Files
4.6.7 File Name Format for Exported Query Result Files
4.7 Recover DB System Data
4.8 Monitor Data Loading
4.8.1 MySQL HeatWave Node Status Monitoring
4.8.2 MySQL HeatWave Memory Usage Monitoring
4.8.3 Data Load Progress and Status Monitoring
4.8.4 Change Propagation Monitoring
5 Accelerate Query Processing
5.1 About MySQL HeatWave
5.2 Supported SQL Modes
5.3 Supported Functions and Operators
5.3.1 Aggregate Functions
5.3.2 Arithmetic Operators
5.3.3 Cast Functions and Operators
5.3.4 Comparison Functions and Operators
5.3.5 Control Flow Functions and Operators
5.3.6 Data Masking and De-Identification Functions
5.3.7 Encryption and Compression Functions
5.3.8 JSON Functions
5.3.9 Logical Operators
5.3.10 Mathematical Functions
5.3.11 String Functions and Operators
5.3.12 Temporal Functions
5.3.13 Vector Functions
5.3.14 Window Functions
5.4 Run Queries
5.4.1 Requirements for Running Queries
5.4.2 SELECT Statement Clauses for MySQL HeatWave
5.4.3 Explain Query and Check Execution Time
5.4.4 CREATE TABLE ... SELECT Statements
5.4.5 Create MySQL HeatWave Temporary Tables
5.4.6 INSERT ... SELECT Statements
5.4.7 Query Views
5.4.8 View Query Runtimes and Estimates
5.4.9 Diagnose Query Offload
5.4.10 Auto Scheduling
5.4.11 Auto Query Plan Improvement
5.4.12 Dynamic Query Offload
5.5 Modify Tables
5.6 Analyze Tables
5.7 Run Tasks Asynchronously
5.8 Optimize Workloads for OLAP
5.8.1 String Column Encoding
5.8.2 Data Placement Keys
5.8.3 About MySQL HeatWave Autopilot Advisor
5.8.4 Auto Encoding
5.8.5 Auto Data Placement
5.8.6 Auto Query Time Estimation
5.8.7 Unload Advisor
5.8.8 Autopilot Report Table
5.8.9 Advisor Report Table
5.9 Optimize Workloads for OLTP
5.9.1 Autopilot Indexing
5.10 MySQL HeatWave Monitoring
5.10.1 Query Execution Monitoring
5.10.2 Query History and Statistics Monitoring
5.10.3 Scanned Data Monitoring
6 Train and Use Machine Learning Models
6.1 About MySQL HeatWave AutoML
6.1.1 MySQL HeatWave AutoML Ease of Use
6.1.2 MySQL HeatWave AutoML Workflow
6.1.3 MySQL HeatWave AutoML Learning Types
6.1.4 Oracle AutoML
6.2 Additional MySQL HeatWave AutoML Requirements
6.3 MySQL HeatWave AutoML Privileges
6.4 Supported Data Types for MySQL HeatWave AutoML
6.5 Create a Machine Learning Model
6.5.1 Prepare Data
6.5.2 Train a Model
6.5.3 Load a Model
6.5.4 Generate Predictions
6.5.5 Generate Model Explanations
6.5.6 Generate Prediction Explanations
6.5.7 Score a Model
6.6 Learn About MySQL HeatWave AutoML with Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Generative AI
6.7 Machine Learning Use Cases
6.7.1 Classify Data
6.7.2 Perform Regression Analysis
6.7.3 Generate Forecasts
6.7.4 Detect Anomalies
6.7.5 Generate Recommendations
6.7.6 Topic Modeling
6.8 Use MySQL HeatWave AutoML with Lakehouse
6.9 Manage Machine Learning Models
6.9.1 The Model Catalog
6.9.2 Work with Model Handles
6.9.3 Unload a Model
6.9.4 View Model Details
6.9.5 Delete a Model
6.9.6 Share a Model
6.9.7 Manage External ONNX Models
6.9.8 Analyze Data Drift
6.10 Track Progress for MySQL HeatWave AutoML Routines
6.11 Monitor the Status of MySQL HeatWave AutoML
7 Perform AI-Powered Search and Content Generation
7.1 About MySQL HeatWave GenAI
7.2 Additional MySQL HeatWave GenAI Requirements
7.3 MySQL HeatWave GenAI Roles and Privileges
7.4 Supported LLMs, Embedding Models, and Languages
7.5 Authenticate OCI Generative AI Service
7.6 Generate Text-Based Content
7.6.1 Generate New Content
7.6.2 Summarize Content
7.7 Set Up a Vector Store
7.7.1 About MySQL HeatWave Vector Store
7.7.2 Ingest Files into a Vector Store
7.7.3 Update a Vector Store
7.8 Generate Vector Embeddings
7.9 Perform Vector Search with RAG
7.9.1 Run Retrieval-Augmented Generation
7.9.2 Use Your Own Embeddings
7.10 Start a Conversational Chat
7.10.1 Run MySQL HeatWave Chat
7.10.2 View Chat Session Details
8 Performance and Usage
8.1 MySQL HeatWave Performance Schema Tables
8.1.1 The rpd_column_id Table
8.1.2 The rpd_columns Table
8.1.3 The rpd_exec_stats Table
8.1.4 The rpd_mirror Table
8.1.5 The rpd_ml_stats Table
8.1.6 The rpd_nodes Table
8.1.7 The rpd_preload_stats Table
8.1.8 The rpd_query_stats Table
8.1.9 The rpd_table_id Table
8.1.10 The rpd_tables Table
8.2 Option Tracker
9 System and Status Variables
9.1 System Variables
9.2 Status Variables
10 Routines
10.1 MySQL HeatWave Routines
10.1.1 HEATWAVE_LOAD
10.1.2 HEATWAVE_UNLOAD
10.1.3 HEATWAVE_RELOAD
10.1.4 Asynchronous Task Routines
10.1.5 HEATWAVE_ADVISOR
10.2 MySQL HeatWave AutoML Routines
10.2.1 ML_TRAIN
10.2.2 ML_EXPLAIN
10.2.3 ML_MODEL_EXPORT
10.2.4 ML_MODEL_IMPORT
10.2.5 ML_PREDICT_ROW
10.2.6 ML_PREDICT_TABLE
10.2.7 ML_EXPLAIN_ROW
10.2.8 ML_EXPLAIN_TABLE
10.2.9 ML_SCORE
10.2.10 ML_MODEL_LOAD
10.2.11 ML_MODEL_UNLOAD
10.2.12 ML_MODEL_ACTIVE
10.2.13 NL2ML
10.2.14 Model Types
10.2.15 Optimization and Scoring Metrics
10.3 MySQL HeatWave GenAI Routines
10.3.1 ML_GENERATE
10.3.2 ML_GENERATE_TABLE
10.3.3 VECTOR_STORE_LOAD
10.3.4 ML_RAG
10.3.5 ML_RAG_TABLE
10.3.6 HEATWAVE_CHAT
10.3.7 ML_EMBED_ROW
10.3.8 ML_EMBED_TABLE
11 Troubleshoot
11.1 Issues and Errors
11.1.1 MySQL HeatWave Issues
11.1.2 MySQL HeatWave Errors
11.1.3 MySQL HeatWave AutoML Error Messages
11.1.4 MySQL HeatWave GenAI Issues
11.1.5 MySQL HeatWave Lakehouse Error Messages
11.2 Limitations
11.2.1 MySQL HeatWave Limitations
11.2.2 MySQL HeatWave Lakehouse Limitations
11.2.3 MySQL HeatWave AutoML Limitations