6.5.6 mysqlpump — A Database Backup Program

• mysqlpump Invocation Syntax

• mysqlpump Option Summary

• mysqlpump Option Descriptions

• mysqlpump Object Selection

• mysqlpump Parallel Processing

• mysqlpump Restrictions

The mysqlpump client utility performs logical backups, producing a set of SQL statements that can be executed to reproduce the original database object definitions and table data. It dumps one or more MySQL databases for backup or transfer to another SQL server.

Note

mysqlpump is deprecated as of MySQL 8.0.34; expect it to be removed in a future version of MySQL. You can use such MySQL programs as mysqldump and MySQL Shell to perform logical backups, dump databases, and similar tasks instead.

Tip

Consider using the MySQL Shell dump utilities, which provide parallel dumping with multiple threads, file compression, and progress information display, as well as cloud features such as Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Object Storage streaming, and MySQL HeatWave Service compatibility checks and modifications. Dumps can be easily imported into a MySQL Server instance or a MySQL HeatWave Service DB System using the MySQL Shell load dump utilities. Installation instructions for MySQL Shell can be found here.

mysqlpump features include:

• Parallel processing of databases, and of objects within databases, to speed up the dump process

• Better control over which databases and database objects (tables, stored programs, user accounts) to dump

• Dumping of user accounts as account-management statements (CREATE USER, GRANT) rather than as inserts into the mysql system database

• Capability of creating compressed output

• Progress indicator (the values are estimates)

• For dump file reloading, faster secondary index creation for InnoDB tables by adding indexes after rows are inserted

Note

mysqlpump uses MySQL features introduced in MySQL 5.7, and thus assumes use with MySQL 5.7 or higher.

mysqlpump requires at least the SELECT privilege for dumped tables, SHOW VIEW for dumped views, TRIGGER for dumped triggers, and LOCK TABLES if the --single-transaction option is not used. The SELECT privilege on the mysql system database is required to dump user definitions. Certain options might require other privileges as noted in the option descriptions.

To reload a dump file, you must have the privileges required to execute the statements that it contains, such as the appropriate CREATE privileges for objects created by those statements.

Note

A dump made using PowerShell on Windows with output redirection creates a file that has UTF-16 encoding:

mysqlpump [options] > dump.sql

However, UTF-16 is not permitted as a connection character set (see Section 12.4, “Connection Character Sets and Collations”), so the dump file cannot be loaded correctly. To work around this issue, use the --result-file option, which creates the output in ASCII format:

mysqlpump [options] --result-file=dump.sql

mysqlpump Invocation Syntax

By default, mysqlpump dumps all databases (with certain exceptions noted in mysqlpump Restrictions). To specify this behavior explicitly, use the --all-databases option:

mysqlpump --all-databases

To dump a single database, or certain tables within that database, name the database on the command line, optionally followed by table names:

mysqlpump db_name
mysqlpump db_name tbl_name1 tbl_name2 ...

To treat all name arguments as database names, use the --databases option:

mysqlpump --databases db_name1 db_name2 ...

By default, mysqlpump does not dump user account definitions, even if you dump the mysql system database that contains the grant tables. To dump grant table contents as logical definitions in the form of CREATE USER and GRANT statements, use the --users option and suppress all database dumping:

mysqlpump --exclude-databases=% --users

In the preceding command, % is a wildcard that matches all database names for the --exclude-databases option.

mysqlpump supports several options for including or excluding databases, tables, stored programs, and user definitions. See mysqlpump Object Selection.

To reload a dump file, execute the statements that it contains. For example, use the mysql client:

mysqlpump [options] > dump.sql
mysql < dump.sql

The following discussion provides additional mysqlpump usage examples.

To see a list of the options mysqlpump supports, issue the command mysqlpump --help.

mysqlpump Option Summary

mysqlpump supports the following options, which can be specified on the command line or in the [mysqlpump] and [client] groups of an option file. (Prior to MySQL 8.0.20, mysqlpump read the [mysql_dump] group rather than [mysqlpump]. As of 8.0.20, [mysql_dump] is still accepted but is deprecated.) For information about option files used by MySQL programs, see Section 6.2.2.2, “Using Option Files”.

Table 6.17 mysqlpump Options

Option Name	Description	Introduced	Deprecated
--add-drop-database	Add DROP DATABASE statement before each CREATE DATABASE statement
--add-drop-table	Add DROP TABLE statement before each CREATE TABLE statement
--add-drop-user	Add DROP USER statement before each CREATE USER statement
--add-locks	Surround each table dump with LOCK TABLES and UNLOCK TABLES statements
--all-databases	Dump all databases
--bind-address	Use specified network interface to connect to MySQL Server
--character-sets-dir	Directory where character sets are installed
--column-statistics	Write ANALYZE TABLE statements to generate statistics histograms
--complete-insert	Use complete INSERT statements that include column names
--compress	Compress all information sent between client and server		8.0.18
--compress-output	Output compression algorithm
--compression-algorithms	Permitted compression algorithms for connections to server	8.0.18
--databases	Interpret all name arguments as database names
--debug	Write debugging log
--debug-check	Print debugging information when program exits
--debug-info	Print debugging information, memory, and CPU statistics when program exits
--default-auth	Authentication plugin to use
--default-character-set	Specify default character set
--default-parallelism	Default number of threads for parallel processing
--defaults-extra-file	Read named option file in addition to usual option files
--defaults-file	Read only named option file
--defaults-group-suffix	Option group suffix value
--defer-table-indexes	For reloading, defer index creation until after loading table rows
--events	Dump events from dumped databases
--exclude-databases	Databases to exclude from dump
--exclude-events	Events to exclude from dump
--exclude-routines	Routines to exclude from dump
--exclude-tables	Tables to exclude from dump
--exclude-triggers	Triggers to exclude from dump
--exclude-users	Users to exclude from dump
--extended-insert	Use multiple-row INSERT syntax
--get-server-public-key	Request RSA public key from server
--help	Display help message and exit
--hex-blob	Dump binary columns using hexadecimal notation
--host	Host on which MySQL server is located
--include-databases	Databases to include in dump
--include-events	Events to include in dump
--include-routines	Routines to include in dump
--include-tables	Tables to include in dump
--include-triggers	Triggers to include in dump
--include-users	Users to include in dump
--insert-ignore	Write INSERT IGNORE rather than INSERT statements
--log-error-file	Append warnings and errors to named file
--login-path	Read login path options from .mylogin.cnf
--max-allowed-packet	Maximum packet length to send to or receive from server
--net-buffer-length	Buffer size for TCP/IP and socket communication
--no-create-db	Do not write CREATE DATABASE statements
--no-create-info	Do not write CREATE TABLE statements that re-create each dumped table
--no-defaults	Read no option files
--parallel-schemas	Specify schema-processing parallelism
--password	Password to use when connecting to server
--password1	First multifactor authentication password to use when connecting to server	8.0.27
--password2	Second multifactor authentication password to use when connecting to server	8.0.27
--password3	Third multifactor authentication password to use when connecting to server	8.0.27
--plugin-dir	Directory where plugins are installed
--port	TCP/IP port number for connection
--print-defaults	Print default options
--protocol	Transport protocol to use
--replace	Write REPLACE statements rather than INSERT statements
--result-file	Direct output to a given file
--routines	Dump stored routines (procedures and functions) from dumped databases
--server-public-key-path	Path name to file containing RSA public key
--set-charset	Add SET NAMES default_character_set to output
--set-gtid-purged	Whether to add SET @@GLOBAL.GTID_PURGED to output
--single-transaction	Dump tables within single transaction
--skip-definer	Omit DEFINER and SQL SECURITY clauses from view and stored program CREATE statements
--skip-dump-rows	Do not dump table rows
--skip-generated-invisible-primary-key	Do not dump information about generated invisible primary keys	8.0.30
--socket	Unix socket file or Windows named pipe to use
--ssl-ca	File that contains list of trusted SSL Certificate Authorities
--ssl-capath	Directory that contains trusted SSL Certificate Authority certificate files
--ssl-cert	File that contains X.509 certificate
--ssl-cipher	Permissible ciphers for connection encryption
--ssl-crl	File that contains certificate revocation lists
--ssl-crlpath	Directory that contains certificate revocation-list files
--ssl-fips-mode	Whether to enable FIPS mode on client side		8.0.34
--ssl-key	File that contains X.509 key
--ssl-mode	Desired security state of connection to server
--ssl-session-data	File that contains SSL session data	8.0.29
--ssl-session-data-continue-on-failed-reuse	Whether to establish connections if session reuse fails	8.0.29
--tls-ciphersuites	Permissible TLSv1.3 ciphersuites for encrypted connections	8.0.16
--tls-version	Permissible TLS protocols for encrypted connections
--triggers	Dump triggers for each dumped table
--tz-utc	Add SET TIME_ZONE='+00:00' to dump file
--user	MySQL user name to use when connecting to server
--users	Dump user accounts
--version	Display version information and exit
--watch-progress	Display progress indicator
--zstd-compression-level	Compression level for connections to server that use zstd compression	8.0.18

mysqlpump Option Descriptions

• --help, -?

  Command-Line Format	--help

  Display a help message and exit.

• --add-drop-database

  Command-Line Format	--add-drop-database

  Write a DROP DATABASE statement before each CREATE DATABASE statement.

  Note

  In MySQL 8.0, the mysql schema is considered a system schema that cannot be dropped by end users. If --add-drop-database is used with --all-databases or with --databases where the list of schemas to be dumped includes mysql, the dump file contains a DROP DATABASE `mysql` statement that causes an error when the dump file is reloaded.

  Instead, to use --add-drop-database, use --databases with a list of schemas to be dumped, where the list does not include mysql.

• --add-drop-table

  Command-Line Format	--add-drop-table

  Write a DROP TABLE statement before each CREATE TABLE statement.

• --add-drop-user

  Command-Line Format	--add-drop-user

  Write a DROP USER statement before each CREATE USER statement.

• --add-locks

  Command-Line Format	--add-locks

  Surround each table dump with LOCK TABLES and UNLOCK TABLES statements. This results in faster inserts when the dump file is reloaded. See Section 10.2.5.1, “Optimizing INSERT Statements”.

  This option does not work with parallelism because INSERT statements from different tables can be interleaved and UNLOCK TABLES following the end of the inserts for one table could release locks on tables for which inserts remain.

  --add-locks and --single-transaction are mutually exclusive.

• --all-databases, -A

  Command-Line Format	--all-databases

  Dump all databases (with certain exceptions noted in mysqlpump Restrictions). This is the default behavior if no other is specified explicitly.

  --all-databases and --databases are mutually exclusive.

  Note

  See the --add-drop-database description for information about an incompatibility of that option with --all-databases.

  Prior to MySQL 8.0, the --routines and --events options for mysqldump and mysqlpump were not required to include stored routines and events when using the --all-databases option: The dump included the mysql system database, and therefore also the mysql.proc and mysql.event tables containing stored routine and event definitions. As of MySQL 8.0, the mysql.event and mysql.proc tables are not used. Definitions for the corresponding objects are stored in data dictionary tables, but those tables are not dumped. To include stored routines and events in a dump made using --all-databases, use the --routines and --events options explicitly.

• --bind-address=ip_address

  Command-Line Format	--bind-address=ip_address

  On a computer having multiple network interfaces, use this option to select which interface to use for connecting to the MySQL server.

• --character-sets-dir=path

  Command-Line Format	--character-sets-dir=dir_name
  Type	Directory name

  The directory where character sets are installed. See Section 12.15, “Character Set Configuration”.

• --column-statistics

  Command-Line Format	--column-statistics
  Type	Boolean
  Default Value	OFF

  Add ANALYZE TABLE statements to the output to generate histogram statistics for dumped tables when the dump file is reloaded. This option is disabled by default because histogram generation for large tables can take a long time.

• --complete-insert

  Command-Line Format	--complete-insert

  Write complete INSERT statements that include column names.

• --compress, -C

  Command-Line Format	--compress[={OFF|ON}]
  Deprecated	8.0.18
  Type	Boolean
  Default Value	OFF

  Compress all information sent between the client and the server if possible. See Section 6.2.8, “Connection Compression Control”.

  As of MySQL 8.0.18, this option is deprecated. Expect it to be removed in a future version of MySQL. See Configuring Legacy Connection Compression.

• --compress-output=algorithm

  Command-Line Format	--compress-output=algorithm
  Type	Enumeration
  Valid Values	LZ4 ZLIB

  By default, mysqlpump does not compress output. This option specifies output compression using the specified algorithm. Permitted algorithms are LZ4 and ZLIB.

  To uncompress compressed output, you must have an appropriate utility. If the system commands lz4 and openssl zlib are not available, MySQL distributions include lz4_decompress and zlib_decompress utilities that can be used to decompress mysqlpump output that was compressed using the --compress-output=LZ4 and --compress-output=ZLIB options. For more information, see Section 6.8.1, “lz4_decompress — Decompress mysqlpump LZ4-Compressed Output”, and Section 6.8.3, “zlib_decompress — Decompress mysqlpump ZLIB-Compressed Output”.

• --compression-algorithms=value

  Command-Line Format	--compression-algorithms=value
  Introduced	8.0.18
  Type	Set
  Default Value	uncompressed
  Valid Values	zlib zstd uncompressed

  The permitted compression algorithms for connections to the server. The available algorithms are the same as for the protocol_compression_algorithms system variable. The default value is uncompressed.

  For more information, see Section 6.2.8, “Connection Compression Control”.

  This option was added in MySQL 8.0.18.

• --databases, -B

  Command-Line Format	--databases

  Normally, mysqlpump treats the first name argument on the command line as a database name and any following names as table names. With this option, it treats all name arguments as database names. CREATE DATABASE statements are included in the output before each new database.

  --all-databases and --databases are mutually exclusive.

  Note

  See the --add-drop-database description for information about an incompatibility of that option with --databases.

• --debug[=debug_options], -# [debug_options]

  Command-Line Format	--debug[=debug_options]
  Type	String
  Default Value	d:t:O,/tmp/mysqlpump.trace

  Write a debugging log. A typical debug_options string is d:t:o,file_name. The default is d:t:O,/tmp/mysqlpump.trace.

  This option is available only if MySQL was built using WITH_DEBUG. MySQL release binaries provided by Oracle are not built using this option.

• --debug-check

  Command-Line Format	--debug-check
  Type	Boolean
  Default Value	FALSE

  Print some debugging information when the program exits.

  This option is available only if MySQL was built using WITH_DEBUG. MySQL release binaries provided by Oracle are not built using this option.

• --debug-info, -T

  Command-Line Format	--debug-info
  Type	Boolean
  Default Value	FALSE

  Print debugging information and memory and CPU usage statistics when the program exits.

  This option is available only if MySQL was built using WITH_DEBUG. MySQL release binaries provided by Oracle are not built using this option.

• --default-auth=plugin

  Command-Line Format	--default-auth=plugin
  Type	String

  A hint about which client-side authentication plugin to use. See Section 8.2.17, “Pluggable Authentication”.

• --default-character-set=charset_name

  Command-Line Format	--default-character-set=charset_name
  Type	String
  Default Value	utf8

  Use charset_name as the default character set. See Section 12.15, “Character Set Configuration”. If no character set is specified, mysqlpump uses utf8mb4.

• --default-parallelism=N

  Command-Line Format	--default-parallelism=N
  Type	Integer
  Default Value	2

  The default number of threads for each parallel processing queue. The default is 2.

  The --parallel-schemas option also affects parallelism and can be used to override the default number of threads. For more information, see mysqlpump Parallel Processing.

  With --default-parallelism=0 and no --parallel-schemas options, mysqlpump runs as a single-threaded process and creates no queues.

  With parallelism enabled, it is possible for output from different databases to be interleaved.

• --defaults-extra-file=file_name

  Command-Line Format	--defaults-extra-file=file_name
  Type	File name

  Read this option file after the global option file but (on Unix) before the user option file. If the file does not exist or is otherwise inaccessible, an error occurs. If file_name is not an absolute path name, it is interpreted relative to the current directory.

  For additional information about this and other option-file options, see Section 6.2.2.3, “Command-Line Options that Affect Option-File Handling”.

• --defaults-file=file_name

  Command-Line Format	--defaults-file=file_name
  Type	File name

  Use only the given option file. If the file does not exist or is otherwise inaccessible, an error occurs. If file_name is not an absolute path name, it is interpreted relative to the current directory.

  Exception: Even with --defaults-file, client programs read .mylogin.cnf.

  For additional information about this and other option-file options, see Section 6.2.2.3, “Command-Line Options that Affect Option-File Handling”.

• --defaults-group-suffix=str

  Command-Line Format	--defaults-group-suffix=str
  Type	String

  Read not only the usual option groups, but also groups with the usual names and a suffix of str. For example, mysqlpump normally reads the [client] and [mysqlpump] groups. If this option is given as --defaults-group-suffix=_other, mysqlpump also reads the [client_other] and [mysqlpump_other] groups.

  For additional information about this and other option-file options, see Section 6.2.2.3, “Command-Line Options that Affect Option-File Handling”.

• --defer-table-indexes

  Command-Line Format	--defer-table-indexes
  Type	Boolean
  Default Value	TRUE

  In the dump output, defer index creation for each table until after its rows have been loaded. This works for all storage engines, but for InnoDB applies only for secondary indexes.

  This option is enabled by default; use --skip-defer-table-indexes to disable it.

• --events

  Command-Line Format	--events
  Type	Boolean
  Default Value	TRUE

  Include Event Scheduler events for the dumped databases in the output. Event dumping requires the EVENT privileges for those databases.

  The output generated by using --events contains CREATE EVENT statements to create the events.

  This option is enabled by default; use --skip-events to disable it.

• --exclude-databases=db_list

  Command-Line Format	--exclude-databases=db_list
  Type	String

  Do not dump the databases in db_list, which is a list of one or more comma-separated database names. Multiple instances of this option are additive. For more information, see mysqlpump Object Selection.

• --exclude-events=event_list

  Command-Line Format	--exclude-events=event_list
  Type	String

  Do not dump the databases in event_list, which is a list of one or more comma-separated event names. Multiple instances of this option are additive. For more information, see mysqlpump Object Selection.

• --exclude-routines=routine_list

  Command-Line Format	--exclude-routines=routine_list
  Type	String

  Do not dump the events in routine_list, which is a list of one or more comma-separated routine (stored procedure or function) names. Multiple instances of this option are additive. For more information, see mysqlpump Object Selection.

• --exclude-tables=table_list

  Command-Line Format	--exclude-tables=table_list
  Type	String

  Do not dump the tables in table_list, which is a list of one or more comma-separated table names. Multiple instances of this option are additive. For more information, see mysqlpump Object Selection.

• --exclude-triggers=trigger_list

  Command-Line Format	--exclude-triggers=trigger_list
  Type	String

  Do not dump the triggers in trigger_list, which is a list of one or more comma-separated trigger names. Multiple instances of this option are additive. For more information, see mysqlpump Object Selection.

• --exclude-users=user_list

  Command-Line Format	--exclude-users=user_list
  Type	String

  Do not dump the user accounts in user_list, which is a list of one or more comma-separated account names. Multiple instances of this option are additive. For more information, see mysqlpump Object Selection.

• --extended-insert=N

  Command-Line Format	--extended-insert=N

  Write INSERT statements using multiple-row syntax that includes several VALUES lists. This results in a smaller dump file and speeds up inserts when the file is reloaded.

  The option value indicates the number of rows to include in each INSERT statement. The default is 250. A value of 1 produces one INSERT statement per table row.

• --get-server-public-key

  Command-Line Format	--get-server-public-key
  Type	Boolean

  Request from the server the public key required for RSA key pair-based password exchange. This option applies to clients that authenticate with the caching_sha2_password authentication plugin. For that plugin, the server does not send the public key unless requested. This option is ignored for accounts that do not authenticate with that plugin. It is also ignored if RSA-based password exchange is not used, as is the case when the client connects to the server using a secure connection.

  If --server-public-key-path=file_name is given and specifies a valid public key file, it takes precedence over --get-server-public-key.

  For information about the caching_sha2_password plugin, see Section 8.4.1.2, “Caching SHA-2 Pluggable Authentication”.

• --hex-blob

  Command-Line Format	--hex-blob

  Dump binary columns using hexadecimal notation (for example, 'abc' becomes 0x616263). The affected data types are BINARY, VARBINARY, BLOB types, BIT, all spatial data types, and other non-binary data types when used with the binary character set.

• --host=host_name, -h host_name

  Command-Line Format	--host

  Dump data from the MySQL server on the given host.

• --include-databases=db_list

  Command-Line Format	--include-databases=db_list
  Type	String

  Dump the databases in db_list, which is a list of one or more comma-separated database names. The dump includes all objects in the named databases. Multiple instances of this option are additive. For more information, see mysqlpump Object Selection.

• --include-events=event_list

  Command-Line Format	--include-events=event_list
  Type	String

  Dump the events in event_list, which is a list of one or more comma-separated event names. Multiple instances of this option are additive. For more information, see mysqlpump Object Selection.

• --include-routines=routine_list

  Command-Line Format	--include-routines=routine_list
  Type	String

  Dump the routines in routine_list, which is a list of one or more comma-separated routine (stored procedure or function) names. Multiple instances of this option are additive. For more information, see mysqlpump Object Selection.

• --include-tables=table_list

  Command-Line Format	--include-tables=table_list
  Type	String

  Dump the tables in table_list, which is a list of one or more comma-separated table names. Multiple instances of this option are additive. For more information, see mysqlpump Object Selection.

• --include-triggers=trigger_list

  Command-Line Format	--include-triggers=trigger_list
  Type	String

  Dump the triggers in trigger_list, which is a list of one or more comma-separated trigger names. Multiple instances of this option are additive. For more information, see mysqlpump Object Selection.

• --include-users=user_list

  Command-Line Format	--include-users=user_list
  Type	String

  Dump the user accounts in user_list, which is a list of one or more comma-separated user names. Multiple instances of this option are additive. For more information, see mysqlpump Object Selection.

• --insert-ignore

  Command-Line Format	--insert-ignore

  Write INSERT IGNORE statements rather than INSERT statements.

• --log-error-file=file_name

  Command-Line Format	--log-error-file=file_name
  Type	File name

  Log warnings and errors by appending them to the named file. If this option is not given, mysqlpump writes warnings and errors to the standard error output.

• --login-path=name

  Command-Line Format	--login-path=name
  Type	String

  Read options from the named login path in the .mylogin.cnf login path file. A “login path” is an option group containing options that specify which MySQL server to connect to and which account to authenticate as. To create or modify a login path file, use the mysql_config_editor utility. See Section 6.6.7, “mysql_config_editor — MySQL Configuration Utility”.

  For additional information about this and other option-file options, see Section 6.2.2.3, “Command-Line Options that Affect Option-File Handling”.

• --max-allowed-packet=N

  Command-Line Format	--max-allowed-packet=N
  Type	Numeric
  Default Value	25165824

  The maximum size of the buffer for client/server communication. The default is 24MB, the maximum is 1GB.

• --net-buffer-length=N

  Command-Line Format	--net-buffer-length=N
  Type	Numeric
  Default Value	1047552

  The initial size of the buffer for client/server communication. When creating multiple-row INSERT statements (as with the --extended-insert option), mysqlpump creates rows up to N bytes long. If you use this option to increase the value, ensure that the MySQL server net_buffer_length system variable has a value at least this large.

• --no-create-db

  Command-Line Format	--no-create-db

  Suppress any CREATE DATABASE statements that might otherwise be included in the output.

• --no-create-info, -t

  Command-Line Format	--no-create-info

  Do not write CREATE TABLE statements that create each dumped table.

• --no-defaults

  Command-Line Format	--no-defaults

  Do not read any option files. If program startup fails due to reading unknown options from an option file, --no-defaults can be used to prevent them from being read.

  The exception is that the .mylogin.cnf file is read in all cases, if it exists. This permits passwords to be specified in a safer way than on the command line even when --no-defaults is used. To create .mylogin.cnf, use the mysql_config_editor utility. See Section 6.6.7, “mysql_config_editor — MySQL Configuration Utility”.

  For additional information about this and other option-file options, see Section 6.2.2.3, “Command-Line Options that Affect Option-File Handling”.

• --parallel-schemas=[N:]db_list

  Command-Line Format	--parallel-schemas=[N:]schema_list
  Type	String

  Create a queue for processing the databases in db_list, which is a list of one or more comma-separated database names. If N is given, the queue uses N threads. If N is not given, the --default-parallelism option determines the number of queue threads.

  Multiple instances of this option create multiple queues. mysqlpump also creates a default queue to use for databases not named in any --parallel-schemas option, and for dumping user definitions if command options select them. For more information, see mysqlpump Parallel Processing.

• --password[=password], -p[password]

  Command-Line Format	--password[=password]
  Type	String

  The password of the MySQL account used for connecting to the server. The password value is optional. If not given, mysqlpump prompts for one. If given, there must be no space between --password= or -p and the password following it. If no password option is specified, the default is to send no password.

  Specifying a password on the command line should be considered insecure. To avoid giving the password on the command line, use an option file. See Section 8.1.2.1, “End-User Guidelines for Password Security”.

  To explicitly specify that there is no password and that mysqlpump should not prompt for one, use the --skip-password option.

• --password1[=pass_val]

  The password for multifactor authentication factor 1 of the MySQL account used for connecting to the server. The password value is optional. If not given, mysqlpump prompts for one. If given, there must be no space between --password1= and the password following it. If no password option is specified, the default is to send no password.

  Specifying a password on the command line should be considered insecure. To avoid giving the password on the command line, use an option file. See Section 8.1.2.1, “End-User Guidelines for Password Security”.

  To explicitly specify that there is no password and that mysqlpump should not prompt for one, use the --skip-password1 option.

  --password1 and --password are synonymous, as are --skip-password1 and --skip-password.

• --password2[=pass_val]

  The password for multifactor authentication factor 2 of the MySQL account used for connecting to the server. The semantics of this option are similar to the semantics for --password1; see the description of that option for details.

• --password3[=pass_val]

  The password for multifactor authentication factor 3 of the MySQL account used for connecting to the server. The semantics of this option are similar to the semantics for --password1; see the description of that option for details.

• --plugin-dir=dir_name

  Command-Line Format	--plugin-dir=dir_name
  Type	Directory name

  The directory in which to look for plugins. Specify this option if the --default-auth option is used to specify an authentication plugin but mysqlpump does not find it. See Section 8.2.17, “Pluggable Authentication”.

• --port=port_num, -P port_num

  Command-Line Format	--port=port_num
  Type	Numeric
  Default Value	3306

  For TCP/IP connections, the port number to use.

• --print-defaults

  Command-Line Format	--print-defaults

  Print the program name and all options that it gets from option files.

  For additional information about this and other option-file options, see Section 6.2.2.3, “Command-Line Options that Affect Option-File Handling”.

• --protocol={TCP|SOCKET|PIPE|MEMORY}

  Command-Line Format	--protocol=type
  Type	String
  Default Value	[see text]
  Valid Values	TCP SOCKET PIPE MEMORY

  The transport protocol to use for connecting to the server. It is useful when the other connection parameters normally result in use of a protocol other than the one you want. For details on the permissible values, see Section 6.2.7, “Connection Transport Protocols”.

• --replace

  Command-Line Format	--replace

  Write REPLACE statements rather than INSERT statements.

• --result-file=file_name

  Command-Line Format	--result-file=file_name
  Type	File name

  Direct output to the named file. The result file is created and its previous contents overwritten, even if an error occurs while generating the dump.

  This option should be used on Windows to prevent newline \n characters from being converted to \r\n carriage return/newline sequences.

• --routines

  Command-Line Format	--routines
  Type	Boolean
  Default Value	TRUE

  Include stored routines (procedures and functions) for the dumped databases in the output. This option requires the global SELECT privilege.

  The output generated by using --routines contains CREATE PROCEDURE and CREATE FUNCTION statements to create the routines.

  This option is enabled by default; use --skip-routines to disable it.

• --server-public-key-path=file_name

  Command-Line Format	--server-public-key-path=file_name
  Type	File name

  The path name to a file in PEM format containing a client-side copy of the public key required by the server for RSA key pair-based password exchange. This option applies to clients that authenticate with the sha256_password or caching_sha2_password authentication plugin. This option is ignored for accounts that do not authenticate with one of those plugins. It is also ignored if RSA-based password exchange is not used, as is the case when the client connects to the server using a secure connection.

  If --server-public-key-path=file_name is given and specifies a valid public key file, it takes precedence over --get-server-public-key.

  For sha256_password, this option applies only if MySQL was built using OpenSSL.

  For information about the sha256_password and caching_sha2_password plugins, see Section 8.4.1.3, “SHA-256 Pluggable Authentication”, and Section 8.4.1.2, “Caching SHA-2 Pluggable Authentication”.

• --set-charset

  Command-Line Format	--set-charset

  Write SET NAMES default_character_set to the output.

  This option is enabled by default. To disable it and suppress the SET NAMES statement, use --skip-set-charset.

• --set-gtid-purged=value

  Command-Line Format	--set-gtid-purged=value
  Type	Enumeration
  Default Value	AUTO
  Valid Values	OFF ON AUTO

  This option enables control over global transaction ID (GTID) information written to the dump file, by indicating whether to add a SET @@GLOBAL.gtid_purged statement to the output. This option may also cause a statement to be written to the output that disables binary logging while the dump file is being reloaded.

  The following table shows the permitted option values. The default value is AUTO.

  Value	Meaning
  OFF	Add no SET statement to the output.
  ON	Add a SET statement to the output. An error occurs if GTIDs are not enabled on the server.
  AUTO	Add a SET statement to the output if GTIDs are enabled on the server.

  The --set-gtid-purged option has the following effect on binary logging when the dump file is reloaded:

  • --set-gtid-purged=OFF: SET @@SESSION.SQL_LOG_BIN=0; is not added to the output.

  • --set-gtid-purged=ON: SET @@SESSION.SQL_LOG_BIN=0; is added to the output.

  • --set-gtid-purged=AUTO: SET @@SESSION.SQL_LOG_BIN=0; is added to the output if GTIDs are enabled on the server you are backing up (that is, if AUTO evaluates to ON).

• --single-transaction

  Command-Line Format	--single-transaction

  This option sets the transaction isolation mode to REPEATABLE READ and sends a START TRANSACTION SQL statement to the server before dumping data. It is useful only with transactional tables such as InnoDB, because then it dumps the consistent state of the database at the time when START TRANSACTION was issued without blocking any applications.

  When using this option, you should keep in mind that only InnoDB tables are dumped in a consistent state. For example, any MyISAM or MEMORY tables dumped while using this option may still change state.

  While a --single-transaction dump is in process, to ensure a valid dump file (correct table contents and binary log coordinates), no other connection should use the following statements: ALTER TABLE, CREATE TABLE, DROP TABLE, RENAME TABLE, TRUNCATE TABLE. A consistent read is not isolated from those statements, so use of them on a table to be dumped can cause the SELECT that is performed by mysqlpump to retrieve the table contents to obtain incorrect contents or fail.

  --add-locks and --single-transaction are mutually exclusive.

• --skip-definer

  Command-Line Format	--skip-definer
  Type	Boolean
  Default Value	FALSE

  Omit DEFINER and SQL SECURITY clauses from the CREATE statements for views and stored programs. The dump file, when reloaded, creates objects that use the default DEFINER and SQL SECURITY values. See Section 27.6, “Stored Object Access Control”.

• --skip-dump-rows, -d

  Command-Line Format	--skip-dump-rows
  Type	Boolean
  Default Value	FALSE

  Do not dump table rows.

• --skip-generated-invisible-primary-key

  Command-Line Format	--skip-generated-invisible-primary-key
  Introduced	8.0.30
  Type	Boolean
  Default Value	FALSE

  This option is available beginning with MySQL 8.0.30, and causes generated invisible primary keys (GIPKs) to be excluded from the dump. See Section 15.1.20.11, “Generated Invisible Primary Keys”, for more information about GIPKs and GIPK mode.

• --socket=path, -S path

  Command-Line Format	--socket={file_name|pipe_name}
  Type	String

  For connections to localhost, the Unix socket file to use, or, on Windows, the name of the named pipe to use.

  On Windows, this option applies only if the server was started with the named_pipe system variable enabled to support named-pipe connections. In addition, the user making the connection must be a member of the Windows group specified by the named_pipe_full_access_group system variable.

• --ssl*

  Options that begin with --ssl specify whether to connect to the server using encryption and indicate where to find SSL keys and certificates. See Command Options for Encrypted Connections.

• --ssl-fips-mode={OFF|ON|STRICT}

  Command-Line Format	--ssl-fips-mode={OFF|ON|STRICT}
  Deprecated	8.0.34
  Type	Enumeration
  Default Value	OFF
  Valid Values	OFF ON STRICT

  Controls whether to enable FIPS mode on the client side. The --ssl-fips-mode option differs from other --ssl-xxx options in that it is not used to establish encrypted connections, but rather to affect which cryptographic operations to permit. See Section 8.8, “FIPS Support”.

  These --ssl-fips-mode values are permitted:

  • OFF: Disable FIPS mode.

  • ON: Enable FIPS mode.

  • STRICT: Enable “strict” FIPS mode.

  Note

  If the OpenSSL FIPS Object Module is not available, the only permitted value for --ssl-fips-mode is OFF. In this case, setting --ssl-fips-mode to ON or STRICT causes the client to produce a warning at startup and to operate in non-FIPS mode.

  As of MySQL 8.0.34, this option is deprecated. Expect it to be removed in a future version of MySQL.

• --tls-ciphersuites=ciphersuite_list

  Command-Line Format	--tls-ciphersuites=ciphersuite_list
  Introduced	8.0.16
  Type	String

  The permissible ciphersuites for encrypted connections that use TLSv1.3. The value is a list of one or more colon-separated ciphersuite names. The ciphersuites that can be named for this option depend on the SSL library used to compile MySQL. For details, see Section 8.3.2, “Encrypted Connection TLS Protocols and Ciphers”.

  This option was added in MySQL 8.0.16.

• --tls-version=protocol_list

  Command-Line Format	--tls-version=protocol_list
  Type	String
  Default Value (≥ 8.0.16)	TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2,TLSv1.3 (OpenSSL 1.1.1 or higher) TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2 (otherwise)
  Default Value (≤ 8.0.15)	TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2

  The permissible TLS protocols for encrypted connections. The value is a list of one or more comma-separated protocol names. The protocols that can be named for this option depend on the SSL library used to compile MySQL. For details, see Section 8.3.2, “Encrypted Connection TLS Protocols and Ciphers”.

• --triggers

  Command-Line Format	--triggers
  Type	Boolean
  Default Value	TRUE

  Include triggers for each dumped table in the output.

  This option is enabled by default; use --skip-triggers to disable it.

• --tz-utc

  Command-Line Format	--tz-utc

  This option enables TIMESTAMP columns to be dumped and reloaded between servers in different time zones. mysqlpump sets its connection time zone to UTC and adds SET TIME_ZONE='+00:00' to the dump file. Without this option, TIMESTAMP columns are dumped and reloaded in the time zones local to the source and destination servers, which can cause the values to change if the servers are in different time zones. --tz-utc also protects against changes due to daylight saving time.

  This option is enabled by default; use --skip-tz-utc to disable it.

• --user=user_name, -u user_name

  Command-Line Format	--user=user_name
  Type	String

  The user name of the MySQL account to use for connecting to the server.

  If you are using the Rewriter plugin with MySQL 8.0.31 or later, you should grant this user the SKIP_QUERY_REWRITE privilege.

• --users

  Command-Line Format	--users
  Type	Boolean
  Default Value	FALSE

  Dump user accounts as logical definitions in the form of CREATE USER and GRANT statements.

  User definitions are stored in the grant tables in the mysql system database. By default, mysqlpump does not include the grant tables in mysql database dumps. To dump the contents of the grant tables as logical definitions, use the --users option and suppress all database dumping:

  mysqlpump --exclude-databases=% --users

• --version, -V

  Command-Line Format	--version

  Display version information and exit.

• --watch-progress

  Command-Line Format	--watch-progress
  Type	Boolean
  Default Value	TRUE

  Periodically display a progress indicator that provides information about the completed and total number of tables, rows, and other objects.

  This option is enabled by default; use --skip-watch-progress to disable it.

• --zstd-compression-level=level

  Command-Line Format	--zstd-compression-level=#
  Introduced	8.0.18
  Type	Integer

  The compression level to use for connections to the server that use the zstd compression algorithm. The permitted levels are from 1 to 22, with larger values indicating increasing levels of compression. The default zstd compression level is 3. The compression level setting has no effect on connections that do not use zstd compression.

  For more information, see Section 6.2.8, “Connection Compression Control”.

  This option was added in MySQL 8.0.18.

mysqlpump Object Selection

mysqlpump has a set of inclusion and exclusion options that enable filtering of several object types and provide flexible control over which objects to dump:

• --include-databases and --exclude-databases apply to databases and all objects within them.

• --include-tables and --exclude-tables apply to tables. These options also affect triggers associated with tables unless the trigger-specific options are given.

• --include-triggers and --exclude-triggers apply to triggers.

• --include-routines and --exclude-routines apply to stored procedures and functions. If a routine option matches a stored procedure name, it also matches a stored function of the same name.

• --include-events and --exclude-events apply to Event Scheduler events.

• --include-users and --exclude-users apply to user accounts.

Any inclusion or exclusion option may be given multiple times. The effect is additive. Order of these options does not matter.

The value of each inclusion and exclusion option is a list of comma-separated names of the appropriate object type. For example:

--exclude-databases=test,world
--include-tables=customer,invoice

Wildcard characters are permitted in the object names:

• % matches any sequence of zero or more characters.

• _ matches any single character.

For example, --include-tables=t%,__tmp matches all table names that begin with t and all five-character table names that end with tmp.

For users, a name specified without a host part is interpreted with an implied host of %. For example, u1 and u1@% are equivalent. This is the same equivalence that applies in MySQL generally (see Section 8.2.4, “Specifying Account Names”).

Inclusion and exclusion options interact as follows:

• By default, with no inclusion or exclusion options, mysqlpump dumps all databases (with certain exceptions noted in mysqlpump Restrictions).

• If inclusion options are given in the absence of exclusion options, only the objects named as included are dumped.

• If exclusion options are given in the absence of inclusion options, all objects are dumped except those named as excluded.

• If inclusion and exclusion options are given, all objects named as excluded and not named as included are not dumped. All other objects are dumped.

If multiple databases are being dumped, it is possible to name tables, triggers, and routines in a specific database by qualifying the object names with the database name. The following command dumps databases db1 and db2, but excludes tables db1.t1 and db2.t2:

mysqlpump --include-databases=db1,db2 --exclude-tables=db1.t1,db2.t2

The following options provide alternative ways to specify which databases to dump:

• The --all-databases option dumps all databases (with certain exceptions noted in mysqlpump Restrictions). It is equivalent to specifying no object options at all (the default mysqlpump action is to dump everything).

  --include-databases=% is similar to --all-databases, but selects all databases for dumping, even those that are exceptions for --all-databases.

• The --databases option causes mysqlpump to treat all name arguments as names of databases to dump. It is equivalent to an --include-databases option that names the same databases.

mysqlpump Parallel Processing

mysqlpump can use parallelism to achieve concurrent processing. You can select concurrency between databases (to dump multiple databases simultaneously) and within databases (to dump multiple objects from a given database simultaneously).

By default, mysqlpump sets up one queue with two threads. You can create additional queues and control the number of threads assigned to each one, including the default queue:

• --default-parallelism=N specifies the default number of threads used for each queue. In the absence of this option, N is 2.

  The default queue always uses the default number of threads. Additional queues use the default number of threads unless you specify otherwise.

• --parallel-schemas=[N:]db_list sets up a processing queue for dumping the databases named in db_list and optionally specifies how many threads the queue uses. db_list is a list of comma-separated database names. If the option argument begins with N:, the queue uses N threads. Otherwise, the --default-parallelism option determines the number of queue threads.

  Multiple instances of the --parallel-schemas option create multiple queues.

  Names in the database list are permitted to contain the same % and _ wildcard characters supported for filtering options (see mysqlpump Object Selection).

mysqlpump uses the default queue for processing any databases not named explicitly with a --parallel-schemas option, and for dumping user definitions if command options select them.

In general, with multiple queues, mysqlpump uses parallelism between the sets of databases processed by the queues, to dump multiple databases simultaneously. For a queue that uses multiple threads, mysqlpump uses parallelism within databases, to dump multiple objects from a given database simultaneously. Exceptions can occur; for example, mysqlpump may block queues while it obtains from the server lists of objects in databases.

With parallelism enabled, it is possible for output from different databases to be interleaved. For example, INSERT statements from multiple tables dumped in parallel can be interleaved; the statements are not written in any particular order. This does not affect reloading because output statements qualify object names with database names or are preceded by USE statements as required.

The granularity for parallelism is a single database object. For example, a single table cannot be dumped in parallel using multiple threads.

Examples:

mysqlpump --parallel-schemas=db1,db2 --parallel-schemas=db3

mysqlpump sets up a queue to process db1 and db2, another queue to process db3, and a default queue to process all other databases. All queues use two threads.

mysqlpump --parallel-schemas=db1,db2 --parallel-schemas=db3
          --default-parallelism=4

This is the same as the previous example except that all queues use four threads.

mysqlpump --parallel-schemas=5:db1,db2 --parallel-schemas=3:db3

The queue for db1 and db2 uses five threads, the queue for db3 uses three threads, and the default queue uses the default of two threads.

As a special case, with --default-parallelism=0 and no --parallel-schemas options, mysqlpump runs as a single-threaded process and creates no queues.

mysqlpump Restrictions

mysqlpump does not dump the performance_schema, ndbinfo, or sys schema by default. To dump any of these, name them explicitly on the command line. You can also name them with the --databases or --include-databases option.

mysqlpump does not dump the INFORMATION_SCHEMA schema.

mysqlpump does not dump InnoDB CREATE TABLESPACE statements.

mysqlpump dumps user accounts in logical form using CREATE USER and GRANT statements (for example, when you use the --include-users or --users option). For this reason, dumps of the mysql system database do not by default include the grant tables that contain user definitions: user, db, tables_priv, columns_priv, procs_priv, or proxies_priv. To dump any of the grant tables, name the mysql database followed by the table names:

mysqlpump mysql user db ...