Pre-General Availability Draft: 2017-08-16

4.4.2 mysql_secure_installation — Improve MySQL Installation Security

This program enables you to improve the security of your MySQL installation in the following ways:

• You can set a password for root accounts.

• You can remove root accounts that are accessible from outside the local host.

• You can remove anonymous-user accounts.

• You can remove the test database (which by default can be accessed by all users, even anonymous users), and privileges that permit anyone to access databases with names that start with test_.

mysql_secure_installation helps you implement security recommendations similar to those described at Section 2.9.4, “Securing the Initial MySQL Account”.

Normal usage is to connect to the local MySQL server; invoke mysql_secure_installation without arguments:

shell> mysql_secure_installation

When executed, mysql_secure_installation prompts you to determine which actions to perform.

The validate_password plugin can be used for password strength checking. If the plugin is not installed, mysql_secure_installation prompts the user whether to install it. Any passwords entered later are checked using the plugin if it is enabled.

Most of the usual MySQL client options such as --host and --port can be used on the command line and in option files. For example, to connect to the local server over IPv6 using port 3307, use this command:

shell> mysql_secure_installation --host=::1 --port=3307

mysql_secure_installation supports the following options, which can be specified on the command line or in the [mysql_secure_installation] and [client] groups of an option file. For information about option files used by MySQL programs, see Section 4.2.6, “Using Option Files”.

Table 4.5 mysql_secure_installation Options

Format	Description
--defaults-extra-file	Read named option file in addition to usual option files
--defaults-file	Read only named option file
--defaults-group-suffix	Option group suffix value
--help	Display help message and exit
--host	Host to connect to (IP address or host name)
--no-defaults	Read no option files
--password	Accepted but always ignored. Whenever mysql_secure_installation is invoked, the user is prompted for a password, regardless.
--port	TCP/IP port number to use for connection
--print-defaults	Print default options
--protocol	Connection protocol to use
--socket	For connections to localhost, the Unix socket file to use
--ssl-ca	Path of file that contains list of trusted SSL CAs
--ssl-capath	Path of directory that contains trusted SSL CA certificates in PEM format
--ssl-cert	Path of file that contains X509 certificate in PEM format
--ssl-cipher	List of permitted ciphers to use for connection encryption
--ssl-crl	Path of file that contains certificate revocation lists
--ssl-crlpath	Path of directory that contains certificate revocation list files
--ssl-key	Path of file that contains X509 key in PEM format
--tls-version	Protocols permitted for secure connections
--use-default	Execute with no user interactivity
--user	MySQL user name to use when connecting to server

• --help, -?

  Display a help message and exit.

• --defaults-extra-file=file_name

  Read this option file after the global option file but (on Unix) before the user option file. If the file does not exist or is otherwise inaccessible, an error occurs. file_name is interpreted relative to the current directory if given as a relative path name rather than a full path name.

• --defaults-file=file_name

  Use only the given option file. If the file does not exist or is otherwise inaccessible, an error occurs. file_name is interpreted relative to the current directory if given as a relative path name rather than a full path name.

• --defaults-group-suffix=str

  Read not only the usual option groups, but also groups with the usual names and a suffix of str. For example, mysql_secure_installation normally reads the [client] and [mysql_secure_installation] groups. If the --defaults-group-suffix=_other option is given, mysql_secure_installation also reads the [client_other] and [mysql_secure_installation_other] groups.

• --host=host_name, -h host_name

  Connect to the MySQL server on the given host.

• --no-defaults

  Do not read any option files. If program startup fails due to reading unknown options from an option file, --no-defaults can be used to prevent them from being read.

  The exception is that the .mylogin.cnf file, if it exists, is read in all cases. This permits passwords to be specified in a safer way than on the command line even when --no-defaults is used. (.mylogin.cnf is created by the mysql_config_editor utility. See Section 4.6.7, “mysql_config_editor — MySQL Configuration Utility”.)

• --password=password, -p password

  This option is accepted but ignored. Whether or not this option is used, mysql_secure_installation always prompts the user for a password.

• --port=port_num, -P port_num

  The TCP/IP port number to use for the connection.

• --print-defaults

  Print the program name and all options that it gets from option files.

• --protocol={TCP|SOCKET|PIPE|MEMORY}

  The connection protocol to use for connecting to the server. It is useful when the other connection parameters normally would cause a protocol to be used other than the one you want. For details on the permissible values, see Section 4.2.2, “Connecting to the MySQL Server”.

• --socket=path, -S path

  For connections to localhost, the Unix socket file to use, or, on Windows, the name of the named pipe to use.

• --ssl*

  Options that begin with --ssl specify whether to connect to the server using SSL and indicate where to find SSL keys and certificates. See Section 6.4.5, “Command Options for Secure Connections”.

• --tls-version=protocol_list

  The protocols permitted by the client for encrypted connections. The value is a comma-separated list containing one or more protocol names. The protocols that can be named for this option depend on the SSL library used to compile MySQL. For details, see Section 6.4.3, “Secure Connection Protocols and Ciphers”.

• --use-default

  Execute noninteractively. This option can be used for unattended installation operations.

• --user=user_name, -u user_name

  The MySQL user name to use when connecting to the server.