This program enables you to improve the security of your MySQL installation in the following ways:
You can set a password for
root
accounts.You can remove
root
accounts that are accessible from outside the local host.You can remove anonymous-user accounts.
You can remove the
test
database (which by default can be accessed by all users, even anonymous users), and privileges that permit anyone to access databases with names that start withtest_
.
mysql_secure_installation helps you implement security recommendations similar to those described at Section 2.10.4, “Securing the Initial MySQL Account”.
Normal usage is to connect to the local MySQL server; invoke mysql_secure_installation without arguments:
shell> mysql_secure_installation
When executed, mysql_secure_installation prompts you to determine which actions to perform.
The validate_password
component can be used
for password strength checking. If the plugin is not installed,
mysql_secure_installation prompts the user
whether to install it. Any passwords entered later are checked
using the plugin if it is enabled.
Most of the usual MySQL client options such as
--host
and
--port
can be
used on the command line and in option files. For example, to
connect to the local server over IPv6 using port 3307, use this
command:
shell> mysql_secure_installation --host=::1 --port=3307
mysql_secure_installation supports the
following options, which can be specified on the command line or
in the [mysql_secure_installation]
and
[client]
groups of an option file. For
information about option files used by MySQL programs, see
Section 4.2.6, “Using Option Files”.
Table 4.5 mysql_secure_installation Options
Format | Description | Introduced |
---|---|---|
--defaults-extra-file | Read named option file in addition to usual option files | |
--defaults-file | Read only named option file | |
--defaults-group-suffix | Option group suffix value | |
--help | Display help message and exit | |
--host | Host to connect to (IP address or host name) | |
--no-defaults | Read no option files | |
--password | Accepted but always ignored. Whenever mysql_secure_installation is invoked, the user is prompted for a password, regardless. | |
--port | TCP/IP port number for connection | |
--print-defaults | Print default options | |
--protocol | Connection protocol to use | |
--socket | For connections to localhost, the Unix socket file to use | |
--ssl-ca | File that contains list of trusted SSL Certificate Authorities | |
--ssl-capath | Directory that contains trusted SSL Certificate Authority certificate files | |
--ssl-cert | File that contains X509 certificate | |
--ssl-cipher | List of permitted ciphers for connection encryption | |
--ssl-crl | File that contains certificate revocation lists | |
--ssl-crlpath | Directory that contains certificate revocation list files | |
--ssl-fips-mode | Whether to enable FIPS mode on the client side | 8.0.11 |
--ssl-key | File that contains X509 key | |
--tls-version | Protocols permitted for encrypted connections | |
--use-default | Execute with no user interactivity | |
--user | MySQL user name to use when connecting to server |
--help
,-?
Display a help message and exit.
--defaults-extra-file=
file_name
Read this option file after the global option file but (on Unix) before the user option file. If the file does not exist or is otherwise inaccessible, an error occurs.
file_name
is interpreted relative to the current directory if given as a relative path name rather than a full path name.Use only the given option file. If the file does not exist or is otherwise inaccessible, an error occurs.
file_name
is interpreted relative to the current directory if given as a relative path name rather than a full path name.Read not only the usual option groups, but also groups with the usual names and a suffix of
str
. For example, mysql_secure_installation normally reads the[client]
and[mysql_secure_installation]
groups. If the--defaults-group-suffix=_other
option is given, mysql_secure_installation also reads the[client_other]
and[mysql_secure_installation_other]
groups.--host=
,host_name
-h
host_name
Connect to the MySQL server on the given host.
Do not read any option files. If program startup fails due to reading unknown options from an option file,
--no-defaults
can be used to prevent them from being read.The exception is that the
.mylogin.cnf
file, if it exists, is read in all cases. This permits passwords to be specified in a safer way than on the command line even when--no-defaults
is used. (.mylogin.cnf
is created by the mysql_config_editor utility. See Section 4.6.7, “mysql_config_editor — MySQL Configuration Utility”.)--password=
,password
-p
password
This option is accepted but ignored. Whether or not this option is used, mysql_secure_installation always prompts the user for a password.
--port=
,port_num
-P
port_num
The TCP/IP port number to use for the connection.
Print the program name and all options that it gets from option files.
--protocol={TCP|SOCKET|PIPE|MEMORY}
The connection protocol to use for connecting to the server. It is useful when the other connection parameters normally would cause a protocol to be used other than the one you want. For details on the permissible values, see Section 4.2.2, “Connecting to the MySQL Server”.
--socket=
,path
-S
path
For connections to
localhost
, the Unix socket file to use, or, on Windows, the name of the named pipe to use.Options that begin with
--ssl
specify whether to connect to the server using SSL and indicate where to find SSL keys and certificates. See Section 6.4.2, “Command Options for Encrypted Connections”.--ssl-fips-mode={OFF|ON|STRICT}
Controls whether to enable FIPS mode on the client side. The
--ssl-fips-mode
option differs from other--ssl-
options in that it is not used to establish encrypted connections, but rather to affect which cryptographic operations are permitted. See Section 6.6, “FIPS Support”.xxx
These
--ssl-fips-mode
values are permitted:OFF
: Disable FIPS mode.ON
: Enable FIPS mode.STRICT
: Enable “strict” FIPS mode.
NoteIf the OpenSSL FIPS Object Module is not available, the only permitted value for
--ssl-fips-mode
isOFF
. In this case, setting--ssl-fips-mode
toON
orSTRICT
causes the client to produce a warning at startup and to operate in non-FIPS mode.The protocols permitted by the client for encrypted connections. The value is a comma-separated list containing one or more protocol names. The protocols that can be named for this option depend on the SSL library used to compile MySQL. For details, see Section 6.4.6, “Encrypted Connection Protocols and Ciphers”.
Execute noninteractively. This option can be used for unattended installation operations.
--user=
,user_name
-u
user_name
The MySQL user name to use when connecting to the server.
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