19.4.9 Switching Sources and Replicas with Asynchronous Connection Failover

19.4.9.1 Asynchronous Connection Failover for Sources

19.4.9.2 Asynchronous Connection Failover for Replicas

Beginning with MySQL 8.0.22, you can use the asynchronous connection failover mechanism to automatically establish an asynchronous (source to replica) replication connection to a new source after the existing connection from a replica to its source fails. The asynchronous connection failover mechanism can be used to keep a replica synchronized with multiple MySQL servers or groups of servers that share data. The list of potential source servers is stored on the replica, and in the event of a connection failure, a new source is selected from the list based on a weighted priority that you set.

From MySQL 8.0.23, the asynchronous connection failover mechanism also supports Group Replication topologies, by automatically monitoring changes to group membership and distinguishing between primary and secondary servers. When you add a group member to the source list and define it as part of a managed group, the asynchronous connection failover mechanism updates the source list to keep it in line with membership changes, adding and removing group members automatically as they join or leave. Only online group members that are in the majority are used for connections and obtaining status. The last remaining member of a managed group is not removed automatically even if it leaves the group, so that the configuration of the managed group is kept. However, you can delete a managed group manually if it is no longer needed.

From MySQL 8.0.27, the asynchronous connection failover mechanism also enables a replica that is part of a managed replication group to automatically reconnect to the sender if the current receiver (the primary of the group) fails. This feature works with Group Replication, on a group configured in single-primary mode, where the group’s primary is a replica that has a replication channel using the mechanism. The feature is designed for a group of senders and a group of receivers to keep synchronized with each other even when some members are temporarily unavailable. It also synchronizes a group of receivers with one or more senders that are not part of a managed group. A replica that is not part of a replication group cannot use this feature.

The requirements for using the asynchronous connection failover mechanism are as follows:

• GTIDs must be in use on the source and the replica (gtid_mode=ON), and the SOURCE_AUTO_POSITION | MASTER_AUTO_POSITION option of the CHANGE REPLICATION SOURCE TO | CHANGE MASTER TO statement must be enabled on the replica, so that GTID auto-positioning is used for the connection to the source.

• The same replication user account and password must exist on all the source servers in the source list for the channel. This account is used for the connection to each of the sources. You can set up different accounts for different channels.

• The replication user account must be given SELECT permissions on the Performance Schema tables, for example, by issuing GRANT SELECT ON performance_schema.* TO 'repl_user';

• The replication user account and password cannot be specified on the statement used to start replication, because they need to be available on the automatic restart for the connection to the alternative source. They must be set for the channel using the CHANGE REPLICATION SOURCE TO | CHANGE MASTER TO statement on the replica, and recorded in the replication metadata repositories.

• If the channel where the asynchronous connection failover mechanism is in use is on the primary of a Group Replication single-primary mode group, from MySQL 8.0.27, asynchronous connection failover between replicas is also active by default. In this situation, the replication channel and the replication user account and password for the channel must be set up on all the secondary servers in the replication group, and on any new joining members. If the new servers are provisioned using MySQL’s clone functionality, this all happens automatically.

  Important

  If you do not want asynchronous connection failover to take place between replicas in this situation, disable it by disabling the member action mysql_start_failover_channels_if_primary for the group, using the group_replication_disable_member_action function. When the feature is disabled, you do not need to configure the replication channel on the secondary group members, but if the primary goes offline or into an error state, replication stops for the channel.

From MySQL Shell 8.0.27 and MySQL 8.0.27, MySQL InnoDB ClusterSet is available to provide disaster tolerance for InnoDB Cluster deployments by linking a primary InnoDB Cluster with one or more replicas of itself in alternate locations, such as different datacenters. Consider using this solution instead to simplify the setup of a new multi-group deployment for replication, failover, and disaster recovery. You can adopt an existing Group Replication deployment as an InnoDB Cluster.

InnoDB ClusterSet and InnoDB Cluster are designed to abstract and simplify the procedures for setting up, managing, monitoring, recovering, and repairing replication groups. InnoDB ClusterSet automatically manages replication from a primary cluster to replica clusters using a dedicated ClusterSet replication channel. You can use administrator commands to trigger a controlled switchover or emergency failover between groups if the primary cluster is not functioning normally. Servers and groups can easily be added to or removed from the InnoDB ClusterSet deployment after the initial setup when demand changes. For more information, see MySQL InnoDB ClusterSet.