4.7.1 ML_GENERATE

The ML_GENERATE routine uses the specified large language model (LLM) to generate text-based content as a response for the given natural-language query.

ML_GENERATE Syntax

mysql> select sys.ML_GENERATE('QueryInNaturalLanguage', [options]);

options: {
  JSON_OBJECT('key','value'[,'key','value'] ...)
    'key','value': {
    ['task', {'generation'|'summarization'}]
    ['model_id', {'mistral-7b-instruct-v1'|'llama2-7b-v1'|'llama3-8b-instruct-v1'|'cohere.command-r-plus'|'cohere.command-r-16k'|'meta.llama-3-70b-instruct'}]
    ['context', 'Context']
    ['language', 'Language']
    ['temperature', Temperature]
    ['max_tokens', MaxTokens]
    ['top_k', K]
    ['top_p', P]
    ['repeat_penalty', RepeatPenalty]
    ['frequency_penalty', FrequencyPenalty]
    ['presence_penalty', PresencePenalty]
    ['stop_sequences', JSON_ARRAY('StopSequence1'[,'StopSequence2'] ...)]
    }
}

Following are ML_GENERATE parameters:

• QueryInNaturalLanguage: specifies the natural-language query that is passed to the large language model (LLM) handle.

• options: specifies optional parameters as key-value pairs in JSON format. It can include the following parameters:

  • task: specifies the task expected from the LLM. Default value is generation. Possible values are:

    • generation: generates text-based content.

    • summarization: generates a summary for existing text-based content.

  • model_id: specifies the LLM to use for the task. Default value is mistral-7b-instruct-v1. Possible values are:

    • mistral-7b-instruct-v1

    • llama2-7b-v1. This LLM is no longer supported in MySQL 9.0.1-u1 and later versions.

    • llama3-8b-instruct-v1. This LLM is available in MySQL 9.0.1-u1 and later versions.

    • cohere.command-r-plus. This LLM is available in MySQL 9.0.1-u1 and later versions.

    • cohere.command-r-16k. This LLM is available in MySQL 9.0.1-u1 and later versions.

    • meta.llama-3-70b-instruct. This LLM is available in MySQL 9.0.1-u1 and later versions.

    To view the lists of supported LLMs, see HeatWave In-Database LLMs and OCI Generative AI Service LLMs.

    Note

    The summarization task supports HeatWave In-Database LLMs only.

  • context: specifies the context to be used for augmenting the query and guide the text generation of the LLM. Default value is NULL.

  • language: specifies the language to be used for writing queries, ingesting documents, and generating the output. To set the value of the language parameter, use the two-letter ISO 639-1 code for the language. This parameter is supported in MySQL 9.0.1-u1 and later versions.

    Default value is en.

    For possible values, to view the list of supported languages, see Languages.

  • temperature: specifies a non-negative float that tunes the degree of randomness in generation. Lower temperatures mean less random generations.

    Default value is 0.

    • 0 for the HeatWave In-Database LLMs.

    • 0.3 for cohere.command-r-plus and cohere.command-r-16k.

    • 1.0 for meta.llama-3-70b-instruct.

    Possible values are float values between 0 and 5.

    • 0 and 5 for the HeatWave In-Database LLMs.

    • 0 and 1 for cohere.command-r-plus and cohere.command-r-16k.

    • 0 and 2 for meta.llama-3-70b-instruct.

    It is suggested that:

    • To generate the same output for a particular prompt every time you run it, set the temperature to 0.

    • To generate a random new statement for a particular prompt every time you run it, increase the temperature.

  • max_tokens: specifies the maximum number of tokens to predict per generation using an estimate of three tokens per word. Default value is 256. Possible values are:

    • For mistral-7b-instruct-v1, integer values between 1 and 8000.

    • For llama2-7b-v1, integer values between1 and 4096.

    • For llama3-8b-instruct-v1, integer values between 1 and 4096.

    • For cohere.command-r-plus, integer values between 1 and 4000.

    • For cohere.command-r-16k, integer values between 1 and 4000.

    • For meta.llama-3-70b-instruct, integer values between 1 and 8000.

  • top_k: specifies the number of top most likely tokens to consider for text generation at each step. Default value is 40, which means that top 40 most likely tokens are considered for text generation at each step. Possible values are integer values between 0 and 32000.

  • top_p: specifies a number, p, and ensures that only the most likely tokens with the sum of probabilities p are considered for generation at each step. A higher value of p introduces more randomness into the output. Default value is 0.95. Possible values are float values between 0 and 1.

    • To disable this method, set to 1.0 or 0.

    • To eliminate tokens with low likelihood, assign p a lower value. For example, if set to 0.1, tokens within top 10% probability are included.

    • To include tokens with low likelihood, assign p a higher value. For example, if set to 0.9, tokens within top 90% probability are included.

    If you are also specifying the top_k parameter, the LLM considers only the top tokens whose probabilities add up to p percent. It ignores the rest of the k tokens.

  • repeat_penalty: assigns a penalty when a token appears repeatedly. High penalties encourage less repeated tokens and produce more random outputs. Default value is 1.1. Possible values are float values between 0 and 2.

    Note

    This parameter is supported for HeatWave In-Database LLMs only.

  • frequency_penalty: assigns a penalty when a token appears frequently. High penalties encourage less repeated tokens and produce more random outputs. Default value is 0. Possible values are float values between 0 and 1.

  • presence_penalty: assigns a penalty to each token when it appears in the output to encourage generating outputs with tokens that haven't been used. This is similar to frequency_penalty, except that this penalty is applied equally to all tokens that have already appeared, irrespective of their exact frequencies.

    Note

    This parameter is supported for OCI Generative AI Service LLMs only.

    Default value is 0. Possible values are:

    • For cohere.command-r-plus and cohere.command-r-16k, float values between 0 and 1.

    • For meta.llama-3-70b-instruct, float values between -2 and 2.

  • stop_sequences: specifies a list of characters such as a word, a phrase, a newline, or a period that tells the LLM when to end the generated output. If you have more than one stop sequence, then the LLM stops when it reaches any of those sequences. Default value is NULL.

Syntax Examples

• Generating text-based content in English using the mistral-7b-instruct-v1 model:

  mysql> select sys.ML_GENERATE("What is AI?", JSON_OBJECT("task", "generation", "model_id", "mistral-7b-instruct-v1", "language", "en"));

• Summarizing English text using the mistral-7b-instruct-v1 model:

  mysql> select sys.ML_GENERATE(@text, JSON_OBJECT("task", "summarization", "model_id", "mistral-7b-instruct-v1", "language", "en"));

  Where, @text is set as shown below:

  set @text="Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a rapidly growing field that has the potential to
  revolutionize how we live and work. AI refers to the development of computer systems that can
  perform tasks that typically require human intelligence, such as visual perception, speech
  recognition, decision-making, and language translation.\n\nOne of the most significant developments in
  AI in recent years has been the rise of machine learning, a subset of AI that allows computers to learn
  from data without being explicitly programmed. Machine learning algorithms can analyze vast amounts
  of data and identify patterns, making them increasingly accurate at predicting outcomes and making
  decisions.\n\nAI is already being used in a variety of industries, including healthcare, finance, and
  transportation. In healthcare, AI is being used to develop personalized treatment plans for patients
  based on their medical history and genetic makeup. In finance, AI is being used to detect fraud and make
  investment recommendations. In transportation, AI is being used to develop self-driving cars and improve
  traffic flow.\n\nDespite the many benefits of AI, there are also concerns about its potential impact on
  society. Some worry that AI could lead to job displacement, as machines become more capable of performing
  tasks traditionally done by humans. Others worry that AI could be used for malicious ";