MySQL Server Version Reference  /  Keywords and Reserved Words  /  Keywords and Reserved Words in MySQL 9.4

7.5 Keywords and Reserved Words in MySQL 9.4

This section provides information about keywords and reserved words in MySQL 9.4.

MySQL 9.4 Keywords and Reserved Words

The following list shows the keywords and reserved words in MySQL 9.4, along with changes to individual words from version to version. Reserved keywords are marked with (R).

A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z

A

  • ABSENT

  • ACCESSIBLE (R)

  • ACCOUNT

  • ACTION

  • ACTIVE

  • ADD (R)

  • ADMIN

  • AFTER

  • AGAINST

  • AGGREGATE

  • ALGORITHM

  • ALL (R)

  • ALLOW_MISSING_FILES

  • ALTER (R)

  • ALWAYS

  • ANALYZE (R)

  • AND (R)

  • ANY

  • ARRAY

  • AS (R)

  • ASC (R)

  • ASCII

  • ASENSITIVE (R)

  • AT

  • ATTRIBUTE

  • AUTHENTICATION

  • AUTO

  • AUTOEXTEND_SIZE

  • AUTO_INCREMENT

  • AUTO_REFRESH

  • AUTO_REFRESH_SOURCE

  • AVG

  • AVG_ROW_LENGTH

B

  • BACKUP

  • BEFORE (R)

  • BEGIN

  • BERNOULLI

  • BETWEEN (R)

  • BIGINT (R)

  • BINARY (R)

  • BINLOG

  • BIT

  • BLOB (R)

  • BLOCK

  • BOOL

  • BOOLEAN

  • BOTH (R)

  • BTREE

  • BUCKETS

  • BULK

  • BY (R)

  • BYTE

C

  • CACHE

  • CALL (R)

  • CASCADE (R)

  • CASCADED

  • CASE (R)

  • CATALOG_NAME

  • CHAIN

  • CHALLENGE_RESPONSE

  • CHANGE (R)

  • CHANGED

  • CHANNEL

  • CHAR (R)

  • CHARACTER (R)

  • CHARSET

  • CHECK (R)

  • CHECKSUM

  • CIPHER

  • CLASS_ORIGIN

  • CLIENT

  • CLONE

  • CLOSE

  • COALESCE

  • CODE

  • COLLATE (R)

  • COLLATION

  • COLUMN (R)

  • COLUMNS

  • COLUMN_FORMAT

  • COLUMN_NAME

  • COMMENT

  • COMMIT

  • COMMITTED

  • COMPACT

  • COMPLETION

  • COMPONENT

  • COMPRESSED

  • COMPRESSION

  • CONCURRENT

  • CONDITION (R)

  • CONNECTION

  • CONSISTENT

  • CONSTRAINT (R)

  • CONSTRAINT_CATALOG

  • CONSTRAINT_NAME

  • CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA

  • CONTAINS

  • CONTEXT

  • CONTINUE (R)

  • CONVERT (R)

  • CPU

  • CREATE (R)

  • CROSS (R)

  • CUBE (R)

  • CUME_DIST (R)

  • CURRENT

  • CURRENT_DATE (R)

  • CURRENT_TIME (R)

  • CURRENT_TIMESTAMP (R)

  • CURRENT_USER (R)

  • CURSOR (R)

  • CURSOR_NAME

D

  • DATA

  • DATABASE (R)

  • DATABASES (R)

  • DATAFILE

  • DATE

  • DATETIME

  • DAY

  • DAY_HOUR (R)

  • DAY_MICROSECOND (R)

  • DAY_MINUTE (R)

  • DAY_SECOND (R)

  • DEALLOCATE

  • DEC (R)

  • DECIMAL (R)

  • DECLARE (R)

  • DEFAULT (R)

  • DEFAULT_AUTH

  • DEFINER

  • DEFINITION

  • DELAYED (R)

  • DELAY_KEY_WRITE

  • DELETE (R)

  • DENSE_RANK (R)

  • DESC (R)

  • DESCRIBE (R)

  • DESCRIPTION

  • DETERMINISTIC (R)

  • DIAGNOSTICS

  • DIRECTORY

  • DISABLE

  • DISCARD

  • DISK

  • DISTINCT (R)

  • DISTINCTROW (R)

  • DIV (R)

  • DO

  • DOUBLE (R)

  • DROP (R)

  • DUAL (R)

  • DUALITY

  • DUMPFILE

  • DUPLICATE

  • DYNAMIC

E

  • EACH (R)

  • ELSE (R)

  • ELSEIF (R)

  • EMPTY (R)

  • ENABLE

  • ENCLOSED (R)

  • ENCRYPTION

  • END

  • ENDS

  • ENFORCED

  • ENGINE

  • ENGINES

  • ENGINE_ATTRIBUTE

  • ENUM

  • ERROR

  • ERRORS

  • ESCAPE

  • ESCAPED (R)

  • EVENT

  • EVENTS

  • EVERY

  • EXCEPT (R)

  • EXCHANGE

  • EXCLUDE

  • EXECUTE

  • EXISTS (R)

  • EXIT (R)

  • EXPANSION

  • EXPIRE

  • EXPLAIN (R)

  • EXPORT

  • EXTENDED

  • EXTENT_SIZE

  • EXTERNAL (R)

  • EXTERNAL_FORMAT

F

  • FACTOR

  • FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS

  • FALSE (R)

  • FAST

  • FAULTS

  • FETCH (R)

  • FIELDS

  • FILE

  • FILES

  • FILE_BLOCK_SIZE

  • FILE_FORMAT

  • FILE_NAME

  • FILE_PATTERN

  • FILE_PREFIX

  • FILTER

  • FINISH

  • FIRST

  • FIRST_VALUE (R)

  • FIXED

  • FLOAT (R)

  • FLOAT4 (R)

  • FLOAT8 (R)

  • FLUSH

  • FOLLOWING

  • FOLLOWS

  • FOR (R)

  • FORCE (R)

  • FOREIGN (R)

  • FORMAT

  • FOUND

  • FROM (R)

  • FULL

  • FULLTEXT (R)

  • FUNCTION (R)

G

  • GENERAL

  • GENERATE

  • GENERATED (R)

  • GEOMCOLLECTION

  • GEOMETRY

  • GEOMETRYCOLLECTION

  • GET (R)

  • GET_FORMAT

  • GET_SOURCE_PUBLIC_KEY

  • GLOBAL

  • GRANT (R)

  • GRANTS

  • GROUP (R)

  • GROUPING (R)

  • GROUPS (R)

  • GROUP_REPLICATION

  • GTIDS

  • GTID_ONLY

H

  • HANDLER

  • HASH

  • HAVING (R)

  • HEADER

  • HELP

  • HIGH_PRIORITY (R)

  • HISTOGRAM

  • HISTORY

  • HOST

  • HOSTS

  • HOUR

  • HOUR_MICROSECOND (R)

  • HOUR_MINUTE (R)

  • HOUR_SECOND (R)

I

  • IDENTIFIED

  • IF (R)

  • IGNORE (R)

  • IGNORE_SERVER_IDS

  • IMPORT

  • IN (R)

  • INACTIVE

  • INDEX (R)

  • INDEXES

  • INFILE (R)

  • INITIAL

  • INITIAL_SIZE

  • INITIATE

  • INNER (R)

  • INOUT (R)

  • INSENSITIVE (R)

  • INSERT (R)

  • INSERT_METHOD

  • INSTALL

  • INSTANCE

  • INT (R)

  • INT1 (R)

  • INT2 (R)

  • INT3 (R)

  • INT4 (R)

  • INT8 (R)

  • INTEGER (R)

  • INTERSECT (R)

  • INTERVAL (R)

  • INTO (R)

  • INVISIBLE

  • INVOKER

  • IO

  • IO_AFTER_GTIDS (R)

  • IO_BEFORE_GTIDS (R)

  • IO_THREAD

  • IPC

  • IS (R)

  • ISOLATION

  • ISSUER

  • ITERATE (R)

J

  • JOIN (R)

  • JSON

  • JSON_TABLE (R)

  • JSON_VALUE

K

  • KEY (R)

  • KEYRING

  • KEYS (R)

  • KEY_BLOCK_SIZE

  • KILL (R)

L

  • LAG (R)

  • LANGUAGE

  • LAST

  • LAST_VALUE (R)

  • LATERAL (R)

  • LEAD (R)

  • LEADING (R)

  • LEAVE (R)

  • LEAVES

  • LEFT (R)

  • LESS

  • LEVEL

  • LIBRARY (R)

  • LIKE (R)

  • LIMIT (R)

  • LINEAR (R)

  • LINES (R)

  • LINESTRING

  • LIST

  • LOAD (R)

  • LOCAL

  • LOCALTIME (R)

  • LOCALTIMESTAMP (R)

  • LOCK (R)

  • LOCKED

  • LOCKS

  • LOG

  • LOGFILE

  • LOGS

  • LONG (R)

  • LONGBLOB (R)

  • LONGTEXT (R)

  • LOOP (R)

  • LOW_PRIORITY (R)

M

  • MANUAL (R)

  • MASTER

  • MATCH (R)

  • MAXVALUE (R)

  • MAX_CONNECTIONS_PER_HOUR

  • MAX_QUERIES_PER_HOUR

  • MAX_ROWS

  • MAX_SIZE

  • MAX_UPDATES_PER_HOUR

  • MAX_USER_CONNECTIONS

  • MEDIUM

  • MEDIUMBLOB (R)

  • MEDIUMINT (R)

  • MEDIUMTEXT (R)

  • MEMBER

  • MEMORY

  • MERGE

  • MESSAGE_TEXT

  • MICROSECOND

  • MIDDLEINT (R)

  • MIGRATE

  • MINUTE

  • MINUTE_MICROSECOND (R)

  • MINUTE_SECOND (R)

  • MIN_ROWS

  • MOD (R)

  • MODE

  • MODIFIES (R)

  • MODIFY

  • MONTH

  • MULTILINESTRING

  • MULTIPOINT

  • MULTIPOLYGON

  • MUTEX

  • MYSQL_ERRNO

N

  • NAME

  • NAMES

  • NATIONAL

  • NATURAL (R)

  • NCHAR

  • NDB

  • NDBCLUSTER

  • NESTED

  • NETWORK_NAMESPACE

  • NEVER

  • NEW

  • NEXT

  • NO

  • NODEGROUP

  • NONE

  • NOT (R)

  • NOWAIT

  • NO_WAIT

  • NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG (R)

  • NTH_VALUE (R)

  • NTILE (R)

  • NULL (R)

  • NULLS

  • NUMBER

  • NUMERIC (R)

  • NVARCHAR

O

  • OF (R)

  • OFF

  • OFFSET

  • OJ

  • OLD

  • ON (R)

  • ONE

  • ONLY

  • OPEN

  • OPTIMIZE (R)

  • OPTIMIZER_COSTS (R)

  • OPTION (R)

  • OPTIONAL

  • OPTIONALLY (R)

  • OPTIONS

  • OR (R)

  • ORDER (R)

  • ORDINALITY

  • ORGANIZATION

  • OTHERS

  • OUT (R)

  • OUTER (R)

  • OUTFILE (R)

  • OVER (R)

  • OWNER

P

  • PACK_KEYS

  • PAGE

  • PARALLEL (R)

  • PARAMETERS

  • PARSER

  • PARSE_TREE

  • PARTIAL

  • PARTITION (R)

  • PARTITIONING

  • PARTITIONS

  • PASSWORD

  • PASSWORD_LOCK_TIME

  • PATH

  • PERCENT_RANK (R)

  • PERSIST

  • PERSIST_ONLY

  • PHASE

  • PLUGIN

  • PLUGINS

  • PLUGIN_DIR

  • POINT

  • POLYGON

  • PORT

  • PRECEDES

  • PRECEDING

  • PRECISION (R)

  • PREPARE

  • PRESERVE

  • PREV

  • PRIMARY (R)

  • PRIVILEGES

  • PRIVILEGE_CHECKS_USER

  • PROCEDURE (R)

  • PROCESS

  • PROCESSLIST

  • PROFILE

  • PROFILES

  • PROXY

  • PURGE (R)

Q

  • QUALIFY (R)

  • QUARTER

  • QUERY

  • QUICK

R

  • RANDOM

  • RANGE (R)

  • RANK (R)

  • READ (R)

  • READS (R)

  • READ_ONLY

  • READ_WRITE (R)

  • REAL (R)

  • REBUILD

  • RECOVER

  • RECURSIVE (R)

  • REDO_BUFFER_SIZE

  • REDUNDANT

  • REFERENCE

  • REFERENCES (R)

  • REGEXP (R)

  • REGISTRATION

  • RELATIONAL

  • RELAY

  • RELAYLOG

  • RELAY_LOG_FILE

  • RELAY_LOG_POS

  • RELAY_THREAD

  • RELEASE (R)

  • RELOAD

  • REMOVE

  • RENAME (R)

  • REORGANIZE

  • REPAIR

  • REPEAT (R)

  • REPEATABLE

  • REPLACE (R)

  • REPLICA

  • REPLICAS

  • REPLICATE_DO_DB

  • REPLICATE_DO_TABLE

  • REPLICATE_IGNORE_DB

  • REPLICATE_IGNORE_TABLE

  • REPLICATE_REWRITE_DB

  • REPLICATE_WILD_DO_TABLE

  • REPLICATE_WILD_IGNORE_TABLE

  • REPLICATION

  • REQUIRE (R)

  • REQUIRE_ROW_FORMAT

  • RESET

  • RESIGNAL (R)

  • RESOURCE

  • RESPECT

  • RESTART

  • RESTORE

  • RESTRICT (R)

  • RESUME

  • RETAIN

  • RETURN (R)

  • RETURNED_SQLSTATE

  • RETURNING

  • RETURNS

  • REUSE

  • REVERSE

  • REVOKE (R)

  • RIGHT (R)

  • RLIKE (R)

  • ROLE

  • ROLLBACK

  • ROLLUP

  • ROTATE

  • ROUTINE

  • ROW (R)

  • ROWS (R)

  • ROW_COUNT

  • ROW_FORMAT

  • ROW_NUMBER (R)

  • RTREE

S

  • S3

  • SAVEPOINT

  • SCHEDULE

  • SCHEMA (R)

  • SCHEMAS (R)

  • SCHEMA_NAME

  • SECOND

  • SECONDARY

  • SECONDARY_ENGINE

  • SECONDARY_ENGINE_ATTRIBUTE

  • SECONDARY_LOAD

  • SECONDARY_UNLOAD

  • SECOND_MICROSECOND (R)

  • SECURITY

  • SELECT (R)

  • SENSITIVE (R)

  • SEPARATOR (R)

  • SERIAL

  • SERIALIZABLE

  • SERVER

  • SESSION

  • SET (R)

  • SHARE

  • SHOW (R)

  • SHUTDOWN

  • SIGNAL (R)

  • SIGNED

  • SIMPLE

  • SKIP

  • SLAVE

  • SLOW

  • SMALLINT (R)

  • SNAPSHOT

  • SOCKET

  • SOME

  • SONAME

  • SOUNDS

  • SOURCE

  • SOURCE_AUTO_POSITION

  • SOURCE_BIND

  • SOURCE_COMPRESSION_ALGORITHMS

  • SOURCE_CONNECT_RETRY

  • SOURCE_DELAY

  • SOURCE_HEARTBEAT_PERIOD

  • SOURCE_HOST

  • SOURCE_LOG_FILE

  • SOURCE_LOG_POS

  • SOURCE_PASSWORD

  • SOURCE_PORT

  • SOURCE_PUBLIC_KEY_PATH

  • SOURCE_RETRY_COUNT

  • SOURCE_SSL

  • SOURCE_SSL_CA

  • SOURCE_SSL_CAPATH

  • SOURCE_SSL_CERT

  • SOURCE_SSL_CIPHER

  • SOURCE_SSL_CRL

  • SOURCE_SSL_CRLPATH

  • SOURCE_SSL_KEY

  • SOURCE_SSL_VERIFY_SERVER_CERT

  • SOURCE_TLS_CIPHERSUITES

  • SOURCE_TLS_VERSION

  • SOURCE_USER

  • SOURCE_ZSTD_COMPRESSION_LEVEL

  • SPATIAL (R)

  • SPECIFIC (R)

  • SQL (R)

  • SQLEXCEPTION (R)

  • SQLSTATE (R)

  • SQLWARNING (R)

  • SQL_AFTER_GTIDS

  • SQL_AFTER_MTS_GAPS

  • SQL_BEFORE_GTIDS

  • SQL_BIG_RESULT (R)

  • SQL_BUFFER_RESULT

  • SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS (R)

  • SQL_NO_CACHE

  • SQL_SMALL_RESULT (R)

  • SQL_THREAD

  • SQL_TSI_DAY

  • SQL_TSI_HOUR

  • SQL_TSI_MINUTE

  • SQL_TSI_MONTH

  • SQL_TSI_QUARTER

  • SQL_TSI_SECOND

  • SQL_TSI_WEEK

  • SQL_TSI_YEAR

  • SRID

  • SSL (R)

  • STACKED

  • START

  • STARTING (R)

  • STARTS

  • STATS_AUTO_RECALC

  • STATS_PERSISTENT

  • STATS_SAMPLE_PAGES

  • STATUS

  • STOP

  • STORAGE

  • STORED (R)

  • STRAIGHT_JOIN (R)

  • STREAM

  • STRICT_LOAD

  • STRING

  • SUBCLASS_ORIGIN

  • SUBJECT

  • SUBPARTITION

  • SUBPARTITIONS

  • SUPER

  • SUSPEND

  • SWAPS

  • SWITCHES

  • SYSTEM (R)

T

  • TABLE (R)

  • TABLES

  • TABLESAMPLE (R)

  • TABLESPACE

  • TABLE_CHECKSUM

  • TABLE_NAME

  • TEMPORARY

  • TEMPTABLE

  • TERMINATED (R)

  • TEXT

  • THAN

  • THEN (R)

  • THREAD_PRIORITY

  • TIES

  • TIME

  • TIMESTAMP

  • TIMESTAMPADD

  • TIMESTAMPDIFF

  • TINYBLOB (R)

  • TINYINT (R)

  • TINYTEXT (R)

  • TLS

  • TO (R)

  • TRAILING (R)

  • TRANSACTION

  • TRIGGER (R)

  • TRIGGERS

  • TRUE (R)

  • TRUNCATE

  • TYPE

  • TYPES

U

  • UNBOUNDED

  • UNCOMMITTED

  • UNDEFINED

  • UNDO (R)

  • UNDOFILE

  • UNDO_BUFFER_SIZE

  • UNICODE

  • UNINSTALL

  • UNION (R)

  • UNIQUE (R)

  • UNKNOWN

  • UNLOCK (R)

  • UNREGISTER

  • UNSIGNED (R)

  • UNTIL

  • UPDATE (R)

  • UPGRADE

  • URI

  • URL

  • USAGE (R)

  • USE (R)

  • USER

  • USER_RESOURCES

  • USE_FRM

  • USING (R)

  • UTC_DATE (R)

  • UTC_TIME (R)

  • UTC_TIMESTAMP (R)

V

  • VALIDATION

  • VALUE

  • VALUES (R)

  • VARBINARY (R)

  • VARCHAR (R)

  • VARCHARACTER (R)

  • VARIABLES

  • VARYING (R)

  • VCPU

  • VECTOR

  • VERIFY_KEY_CONSTRAINTS

  • VIEW

  • VIRTUAL (R)

  • VISIBLE

W

  • WAIT

  • WARNINGS

  • WEEK

  • WEIGHT_STRING

  • WHEN (R)

  • WHERE (R)

  • WHILE (R)

  • WINDOW (R)

  • WITH (R)

  • WITHOUT

  • WORK

  • WRAPPER

  • WRITE (R)

X

  • X509

  • XA

  • XID

  • XML

  • XOR (R)

Y

  • YEAR

  • YEAR_MONTH (R)

Z

  • ZEROFILL (R)

  • ZONE

MySQL 9.4 New Keywords and Reserved Words

The following list shows the keywords and reserved words that are added in MySQL 9.4, compared to MySQL 9.3. Reserved keywords are marked with (R).

A | D | E | F | R | S | U | V

A

  • ABSENT

  • ALLOW_MISSING_FILES

  • AUTO_REFRESH

  • AUTO_REFRESH_SOURCE

D

  • DUALITY

E

  • EXTERNAL (R)

  • EXTERNAL_FORMAT

F

  • FILES

  • FILE_FORMAT

  • FILE_NAME

  • FILE_PATTERN

  • FILE_PREFIX

R

  • RELATIONAL

S

  • STRICT_LOAD

U

  • URI

V

  • VERIFY_KEY_CONSTRAINTS

MySQL 9.4 Removed Keywords and Reserved Words

The following list shows the keywords and reserved words that are removed in MySQL 9.4, compared to MySQL 9.2. Reserved keywords are marked with (R).

There are no keywords removed between MySQL 9.3-9.4.


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