CREATE {DATABASE | SCHEMA} [IF NOT EXISTS] db_name
[create_option] ...
create_option: [DEFAULT] {
CHARACTER SET [=] charset_name
| COLLATE [=] collation_name
| ENCRYPTION [=] {'Y' | 'N'}
}
CREATE DATABASE
creates a database
with the given name. To use this statement, you need the
CREATE
privilege for the database.
CREATE
SCHEMA
is a synonym for CREATE
DATABASE
.
An error occurs if the database exists and you did not specify
IF NOT EXISTS
.
CREATE DATABASE
is not permitted
within a session that has an active LOCK
TABLES
statement.
Each create_option
specifies a database
characteristic. Database characteristics are stored in the data
dictionary.
The
CHARACTER SET
option specifies the default database character set. TheCOLLATE
option specifies the default database collation. For information about character set and collation names, see Chapter 12, Character Sets, Collations, Unicode.To see the available character sets and collations, use the the
SHOW CHARACTER SET
andSHOW COLLATION
statements, respectively. See Section 15.7.7.4, “SHOW CHARACTER SET Statement”, and Section 15.7.7.5, “SHOW COLLATION Statement”.The
ENCRYPTION
option defines the default database encryption, which is inherited by tables created in the database. The permitted values are'Y'
(encryption enabled) and'N'
(encryption disabled). If theENCRYPTION
option is not specified, the value of thedefault_table_encryption
system variable defines the default database encryption. If thetable_encryption_privilege_check
system variable is enabled, theTABLE_ENCRYPTION_ADMIN
privilege is required to specify a default encryption setting that differs from thedefault_table_encryption
setting. For more information, see Defining an Encryption Default for Schemas and General Tablespaces.
A database in MySQL is implemented as a directory containing files
that correspond to tables in the database. Because there are no
tables in a database when it is initially created, the
CREATE DATABASE
statement creates
only a directory under the MySQL data directory. Rules for
permissible database names are given in
Section 11.2, “Schema Object Names”. If a database name contains special
characters, the name for the database directory contains encoded
versions of those characters as described in
Section 11.2.4, “Mapping of Identifiers to File Names”.
Creating a database directory by manually creating a directory under the data directory (for example, with mkdir) is unsupported in MySQL 8.4.
When you create a database, let the server manage the directory and the files in it. Manipulating database directories and files directly can cause inconsistencies and unexpected results.
MySQL has no limit on the number of databases. The underlying file system may have a limit on the number of directories.
You can also use the mysqladmin program to create databases. See Section 6.5.2, “mysqladmin — A MySQL Server Administration Program”.