A Quick Guide to Using the MySQL Yum Repository

Abstract

The MySQL Yum repository provides RPM packages for installing the MySQL server, client, and other components on Linux platforms. The packages also upgrade and replace any third-party MySQL packages installed from the Linux distros' native software repositories, if replacements for them are available from MySQL.

The MySQL Yum repository supports the following Linux distributions:

EL6 (8.0), EL7, EL8, and EL9-based platforms (for example, the corresponding versions of Oracle Linux, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, and CentOS)
Fedora 39, 40, and 41

Note

MySQL Server 8.0 and 8.4 are supported, while MySQL Server 5.7 (as of v5.7.30) is not. The MySQL Innovation Series is also supported.

Note

Not all versions of MySQL are supported on all these Linux distributions. See Selecting a Release Series on how to determine if your Linux distribution supports a particular version.

This is a quick guide to using the MySQL Yum repository. For more information, see Further Readings.

For legal information, see the Legal Notices.

For help with using MySQL, please visit the MySQL Forums, where you can discuss your issues with other MySQL users.

Document generated on: 2024-11-05 (revision: 80192)

Table of Contents

Steps for a Fresh Installation of MySQL

Note

The following instructions assume that MySQL is not already installed on your system using a third-party-distributed RPM package; if that is not the case, follow the instructions given in Replacing a Native Third-Party Distribution of MySQL.

Adding the MySQL Yum Repository

First, add the MySQL Yum repository to your system's repository list. Follow these steps:
1. Go to the download page for MySQL Yum repository configuration files at https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/.
  Although this is not required for each update, it does update MySQL repository information to include the current information. For example, when a new LTS series is added.
  The beginning part of the configuration file name, such as mysql84, describes the default MySQL series that is enabled for installation. In this case, the subrepository for MySQL 8.4 LTS is enabled by default. It also contains other subrepository versions, such as MySQL 8.0 and the MySQL Innovation Series.
2. Select and download the release package for your platform.
3. Install the downloaded release package with the following command, for example:
```
$> sudo yum localinstall platform-and-version-specific-package-name.rpm
```
  For example, for version n of the package for EL8-based systems, the command is:
```
$> sudo yum localinstall mysql84-community-release-el8-n.noarch.rpm
```
Note

Once the release package is installed on your system, any system-wide update by the yum update command (or dnf upgrade for dnf-enabled systems) will automatically upgrade MySQL packages on your system and also replace any native third-party packages, if Yum finds replacements for them in the MySQL Yum repository. See Upgrading MySQL with the MySQL Yum Repository and Replacing a Native Third-Party Distribution of MySQL for details.
Selecting a Release Series

When using the MySQL Yum repository, the latest MySQL LTS series is selected for installation by default. If this is what you want, you can skip to the next step, Installing MySQL with Yum.
Within the MySQL Yum repository (https://repo.mysql.com/yum/), different release series of the MySQL Community Server are hosted in different subrepositories. The subrepository for the latest LTS series (currently MySQL 8.4) is enabled by default, and the subrepositories for all other series (for example, the Innovation track or MySQL 8.0) are disabled by default. Use this command to see all the subrepositories in the MySQL Yum repository and to note which of them are enabled or disabled (for dnf-enabled systems, replace yum in the command with dnf):
```
$> yum repolist all | grep mysql
```
The latest LTS series is installed by default. To install from a different series, such as the innovation track or MySQL 8.0, disable the LTS series subrepository and enable the innovation track subrepository before executing installation commands. If your platform supports the yum-config-manager or dnf config-manager command, here are examples that disables the 8.4 series subrepository for both Server and Tools, for both depending on your desire; pick one:

Change MySQL 8.4 to 8.0
```
$> sudo yum-config-manager --disable mysql-8.4-lts-community
$> sudo yum-config-manager --disable mysql-tools-8.4-lts-community

$> sudo yum-config-manager --enable mysql80-community
$> sudo yum-config-manager --enable mysql-tools-community
```
For dnf-enabled platforms:
```
$> sudo dnf config-manager --disable mysql-8.4-lts-community
$> sudo dnf config-manager --disable mysql-tools-8.4-lts-community

$> sudo dnf config-manager --enable mysql80-community
$> sudo dnf config-manager --enable mysql-tools-community
```
Change MySQL 8.4 to the Innovation Series
```
$> sudo yum-config-manager --disable mysql-8.4-lts-community
$> sudo yum-config-manager --disable mysql-tools-8.4-lts-community

$> sudo yum-config-manager --enable mysql-innovation-community
$> sudo yum-config-manager --enable mysql-tools-innovation-community
```
For dnf-enabled platforms:
```
$> sudo dnf config-manager --disable mysql-8.4-lts-community
$> sudo dnf config-manager --disable mysql-tools-8.4-lts-community

$> sudo dnf config-manager --enable mysql-innovation-community
$> sudo dnf config-manager --enable mysql-tools-innovation-community
```
Besides using yum-config-manager or the dnf config-manager command, you can also select a series by editing the /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo file. An example entry:
```
[mysql80-community]
name=MySQL 8.0 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/9/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2023
```
Find the entry for the subrepository you want to configure, and edit the enabled option. Specify enabled=0 to disable a subrepository, or enabled=1 to enable a subrepository. For example, to install MySQL 8.0, make sure you have enabled=0 for the other MySQL series entries and enabled=1 for MySQL 8.0 as demonstrated above.
You should only enable subrepository for one release series at any time.
Verify that the correct subrepositories have been enabled and disabled by running the following command and checking its output (for dnf-enabled systems, replace yum in the command with dnf):
```
$> yum repolist enabled | grep mysql
```
Disabling the Default MySQL Module

(EL8 systems only) EL8-based systems such as RHEL8 and Oracle Linux 8 include a MySQL module that is enabled by default. Unless this module is disabled, it masks packages provided by MySQL repositories. To disable the included module and make the MySQL repository packages visible, use the following command (for dnf-enabled systems, replace yum in the command with dnf):
```
$> sudo yum module disable mysql
```
Installing MySQL

Install MySQL by the following command (for dnf-enabled systems, replace yum in the command with dnf):
```
$> sudo yum install mysql-community-server
```
This installs the package for the MySQL server, as well as other required packages.
Starting the MySQL Server

Start the MySQL server with the following command:
```
$> systemctl start mysqld
```
You can check the status of the MySQL server with the following command:
```
$> systemctl status mysqld
```
If the operating system is systemd enabled, standard systemctl (or alternatively, service with the arguments reversed) commands such as stop, start, status, and restart should be used to manage the MySQL server service. The mysqld service is enabled by default, and it starts at system reboot. See Managing MySQL Server with systemd for additional information.
MySQL Server Initialization (as of MySQL 5.7): At the initial start up of the server, the following happens, given that the data directory of the server is empty:
- The server is initialized.
- An SSL certificate and key files are generated in the data directory.
- The validate_password plugin is installed and enabled.
- A superuser account 'root'@'localhost' is created. A password for the superuser is set and stored in the error log file. To reveal it, use the following command:
```
$> sudo grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
```
  Change the root password as soon as possible by logging in with the generated, temporary password and set a custom password for the superuser account:
```
$> mysql -uroot -p
```
```
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'MyNewPass4!';
```
Note

MySQL's validate_password plugin is installed by default. This will require that passwords contain at least one uppercase letter, one lowercase letter, one digit, and one special character, and that the total password length is at least 8 characters.

Note

For EL7-based platforms: See Compatibility Information for EL7-based platforms.

Installing Additional MySQL Products and Components

You can use Yum to install and manage individual components of MySQL. Some of these components are hosted in subrepositories of the MySQL Yum repository. Use the following command to list the packages for all the MySQL components available for your platform from all subrepositories in the MySQL Yum repository (for dnf-enabled systems, replace yum in the command with dnf):

$> yum --disablerepo=\* --enablerepo='mysql*-community*' list available

Install any packages of your choice with the following command, replacing package-name with name of the package (for dnf-enabled systems, replace yum in the command with dnf):

$> sudo yum install package-name

For example, to install MySQL Workbench on Fedora:

$> sudo dnf install mysql-workbench-community

Upgrading MySQL with the MySQL Yum Repository

Note

Before performing any update to MySQL, follow carefully the instructions in Upgrading MySQL. Among other instructions discussed there, it is especially important to back up your database before the update.

Use the MySQL Yum repository to perform an in-place update (that is, replacing the old version and then running the new version using the old data files) for your MySQL installation by following these steps (they assume you have installed MySQL with the MySQL Yum repository or with an RPM package directly downloaded from MySQL Developer Zone's MySQL Download page; if that is not the case, following the instructions in Replacing a Native Third-Party Distribution of MySQL instead):

Selecting a Target Series

By default, the MySQL Yum repository updates MySQL to the latest version in the release series you have chosen during installation (see Selecting a Release Series for details) which means, for example, that an 8.0.x installation does not automatically update to an 8.4.x release. To update to another release series, you need to first disable the subrepository for the series that has been selected (by default, or by yourself) and enable the subrepository for your target series. To do that, see the general instructions given in Selecting a Release Series for editing the subrepository entries in the /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo file. For upgrading from MySQL 8.0 to 8.4, disable the subrepository for the MySQL 8.0 series and enable that for the MySQL 8.4 series.
Important
- For important information about upgrading from MySQL 5.7 to 8.0, see Upgrading from MySQL 5.7 to 8.0.
- For important information about upgrading from MySQL 8.0 to 8.4, see Upgrading from MySQL 8.0 to 8.4.
- In-place downgrading of MySQL is not supported by the MySQL Yum repository. Follow the instructions in Downgrading MySQL.
Upgrading MySQL

Upgrade MySQL and its components by the following command, for platforms that are not dnf-enabled:
```
$> sudo yum update mysql-server
```
For dnf-enabled systems:
```
$> sudo dnf --refresh upgrade mysql-server
```
Alternatively, you can update MySQL by telling Yum to update everything on your system, which might take considerably more time. For platforms that are not dnf-enabled:
```
$> sudo yum update
```
For dnf-enabled systems:
```
$> sudo dnf upgrade
```
Restarting MySQL

The MySQL server always restarts after an update by Yum. Prior to MySQL 8.0.16, run mysql_upgrade after the server restarts to check and possibly resolve any incompatibilities between the old data and the upgraded software. mysql_upgrade also performs other functions; see mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables for details. As of MySQL 8.0.16, this step is not required, as the server performs all tasks previously handled by mysql_upgrade.

You can also update only a specific component. Use the following command to list all the installed packages for the MySQL components (for dnf-enabled systems, replace yum in the command with dnf):

$> sudo yum list installed | grep "^mysql"

After identifying the package name of the component of your choice, update the package with the following command, replacing package-name with the name of the package. For platforms that are not dnf-enabled:

$> sudo yum update package-name

For dnf-enabled systems:

$> sudo dnf upgrade package-name

Replacing a Native Third-Party Distribution of MySQL

To replace third-party distributions of MySQL that were installed from the supported Linux platforms' native software repositories with the latest bug release (from the MySQL 8.4 series currently) from the MySQL Yum repository, follow these steps:

Backing Up Your Database

To avoid loss of data, always back up your database before trying to replace your MySQL installation using the MySQL Yum repository. See Backup and Recovery on how to back up your database.
Adding the MySQL Yum Repository

Add the MySQL Yum repository to your system's repository list by following the instructions given in Adding the MySQL Yum Repository.
Replacing the Native Third-Party Distribution by a Yum Update or a DNF Upgrade

By design, the MySQL Yum repository will replace your native, third-party MySQL with the latest bugfix release (from the MySQL 8.4 series currently) from the MySQL Yum repository when you perform a yum update command (or dnf upgrade for dnf-enabled systems) on the system, or a yum update mysql-server (or dnf upgrade mysql-server for dnf-enabled systems).

After updating MySQL using the Yum repository, applications compiled with older versions of the shared client libraries should continue to work. However, if you want to recompile applications and dynamically link them with the updated libraries, see Upgrading the Shared Client Libraries for some special considerations.

Notes

For EL7-based platforms: See Compatibility Information for EL7-based platforms.
If you have a third-party distribution of MySQL that you have downloaded and installed from a nonnative repository (for example, from MariaDB or Percona), it is important to follow the instructions for replacing them given in the MySQL server's reference manual.

Installing MySQL NDB Cluster Using the Yum Repository

Notes

The following instructions assume that neither the MySQL server nor MySQL NDB Cluster has already been installed on your system; if that is not the case, remove the MySQL server or MySQL NDB Cluster, including all its executables, libraries, configuration files, and data directories, before you continue. However there is no need to remove the release package you might have used to enable the MySQL Yum repository on your system.
The NDB Cluster SQL node package has a dependency on the Perl Class::MethodMaker module. Yum can take care of this dependency if the EPEL (Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux) repository has been enabled on your system; see the instructions here for how to enable the EPEL repository.
The MySQL Yum repository supports installation of MySQL NDB Cluster for release 7.5.6 and later, and for the EL7 and EL8 platforms. For other methods of installing NDB Cluster, see Installation of NDB Cluster on Linux, Installation of NDB Cluster on Linux, or Installation of NDB Cluster on Linux, depending on the release series that you are using.

Adding the MySQL Yum Repository for MySQL NDB Cluster

Follow the steps in Adding the MySQL Yum Repository to add the MySQL Yum repository to your system's repository list. If you have already performed the step before, make sure you have the most up-to-date version of the release package by running the following command, for platforms that are not dnf-enabled:
```
$> sudo yum update mysql-8.4-lts-community-release
```
For dnf-enabled systems:
```
$> sudo dnf --refresh upgrade mysql-8.4-lts-community-release
```
Selecting the MySQL NDB Cluster Subrepository

Within the MySQL Yum repository (https://repo.mysql.com/yum/), the MySQL Community Server and MySQL NDB Cluster are hosted in different subrepositories. By default, the subrepository for the latest bugfix series of the MySQL server is enabled and the subrepository for MySQL NDB Cluster is disabled. To install NDB Cluster, disable the subrepository for the MySQL server and enable the subrepository for NDB Cluster. If your platform supports the yum-config-manager or dnf config-manager command, you can do that by issuing, for example, the following commands, which disable the subrepository for the MySQL 8.4 series and enable the one for the MySQL NDB Cluster 8.4 for platforms that are not dnf-enabled:
```
$> sudo yum-config-manager --disable mysql-8.4-lts-community
$> sudo yum-config-manager --enable mysql-cluster-8.4-community
```
For dnf-enabled platforms:
```
$> sudo dnf config-manager --disable mysql-8.4-lts-community
$> sudo dnf config-manager --enable mysql-cluster-8.4-community
```
To install MySQL NDB Cluster 8.0 instead of MySQL NDB Cluster 8.4, enable mysql-cluster-8.0-community instead of mysql-cluster-8.4-community.
To install MySQL NDB Cluster innovation series instead of MySQL NDB Cluster 8.4, enable mysql-cluster-innovation-community instead of mysql-cluster-8.4-community.
Besides using yum-config-manager or the dnf config-manager command, you can also select a subrepository by editing manually the /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo file. This is a sample entry for the MySQL 8.4 subrepository in the file:

Note

The baseurl value in the /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo file may differ slightly by platform.
```
[mysql-8.4-lts-community]
name=MySQL 8.4 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.4-community/el/8/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2023
```
To install NDB Cluster 8.4, you must disable the MySQL 8.4 subrepository by making enabled=0 for the above subrepository entry and enable the NDB Cluster 8.4 subrepository by making enabled=1 for its entry:
```
[mysql-cluster-8.4-community]
name=MySQL Cluster 8.4 Community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-cluster-8.4-community/el/8/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2023
```
After saving the changes to the file, verify that the correct subrepositories have been enabled by running the following command (for dnf-enabled systems, replace yum in the command with dnf):
```
$> yum repolist enabled | grep mysql
!mysql-cluster-8.4-community/x86_64 MySQL Cluster 8.4 Community               18
!mysql-connectors-community/x86_64  MySQL Connectors Community                31
!mysql-tools-8.4-lts-community/x86_64    MySQL Tools Community                     33
```
The subrepository for NDB Cluster 8.4 (Community edition) has now been enabled. Also in the list are a number of other subrepositories of the MySQL Yum repository that have been enabled by default.
Installing MySQL NDB Cluster

For a minimal installation of MySQL NDB Cluster, follow these steps (for dnf-enabled systems, replace yum in the commands with dnf):
- Install the components for SQL nodes:
```
$> sudo yum install mysql-cluster-community-server
```
  After the installation is completed, start and initialize the SQL node by following the steps given in Starting the MySQL Server.
  If you choose to initialize the data directory manually using the mysqld --initialize command (see Initializing the Data Directory for details), a root password is going to be generated and stored in the SQL node's error log; see MySQL Server Initialization for how to find the password, and for a few things you need to know about it.
- Install the executables for management nodes:
```
$> sudo yum install mysql-cluster-community-management-server
```
- Install the executables for data nodes:
```
$> sudo yum install mysql-cluster-community-data-node
```
Configuring and Starting MySQL NDB Cluster

See Initial Configuration of NDB Cluster on how to configure MySQL NDB Cluster and Initial Startup of NDB Cluster on how to start it for the first time.

Note

For EL7-based platforms: See Compatibility Information for EL7-based platforms.

Installing Additional MySQL NDB Cluster Products and Components

You can use Yum to install individual components and additional products of MySQL NDB Cluster from the MySQL Yum repository. To do that, assuming you already have the MySQL Yum repository on your system's repository list (if not, follow Step 1 and 2 of Installing MySQL NDB Cluster Using the Yum Repository), follow the same steps given in Installing Additional MySQL Products and Components.

Note

Known issue: Currently, not all components required for running the MySQL NDB Cluster test suite are installed automatically when you install the test suite package (mysql-cluster-community-test). Install the following packages with yum install (or dnf install for dnf-enabled systems) before you run the test suite:

mysql-cluster-community-auto-installer
mysql-cluster-community-management-server
mysql-cluster-community-data-node
mysql-cluster-community-memcached
mysql-cluster-community-java
mysql-cluster-community-ndbclient-devel

Platform Specific Notes

ARM Support

ARM 64-bit (aarch64) is supported on Oracle Linux 7 and requires the Oracle Linux 7 Software Collections Repository (ol7_software_collections). For example, to install the server:

$> yum-config-manager --enable ol7_software_collections
$> yum install mysql-community-server

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A Quick Guide to Using the MySQL Yum Repository

Steps for a Fresh Installation of MySQL

Adding the MySQL Yum Repository

Selecting a Release Series

Change MySQL 8.4 to 8.0

Change MySQL 8.4 to the Innovation Series

Disabling the Default MySQL Module

Installing MySQL

Starting the MySQL Server

Installing Additional MySQL Products and Components

Upgrading MySQL with the MySQL Yum Repository

Selecting a Target Series

Upgrading MySQL

Restarting MySQL

Replacing a Native Third-Party Distribution of MySQL

Backing Up Your Database

Adding the MySQL Yum Repository

Replacing the Native Third-Party Distribution by a Yum Update or a DNF Upgrade

Installing MySQL NDB Cluster Using the Yum Repository

Adding the MySQL Yum Repository for MySQL NDB Cluster

Selecting the MySQL NDB Cluster Subrepository

Installing MySQL NDB Cluster

Configuring and Starting MySQL NDB Cluster

Installing Additional MySQL NDB Cluster Products and Components

Platform Specific Notes

Further Readings

Legal Notices

Documentation Accessibility

Access to Oracle Support for Accessibility