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https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-system-variables.html
The global character_set_database and collation_database system variables are deprecated; expect them to be removed in a future version of MySQL. Assigning a value to the session character_set_database and collation_database system variables is ...
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/string-type-syntax.html
Column definitions for character string data types CHAR, VARCHAR, the TEXT types, ENUM, SET, and any synonyms) can specify the column character set and collation: CHARACTER SET specifies the character set. If desired, a collation for the character ... The string data types are CHAR, VARCHAR, BINARY, VARBINARY, BLOB, TEXT, ENUM, and ...
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/string-comparison-functions.html
This differs from comparisons performed with the = operator, for which the significance of trailing spaces in nonbinary strings (CHAR, VARCHAR, and TEXT values) depends on the pad attribute of the collation used for the comparison. mysql> SELECT ...
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/mysql-nutshell.html
The utf8mb4 character set has several new collations, including utf8mb4_ja_0900_as_cs, the first Japanese language-specific collation available for Unicode in MySQL. Previously, when more than one language had the exact same collation definition, ...
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/information-functions.html
mysql> SELECT CHARSET('abc'); -> 'utf8mb3' mysql> SELECT CHARSET(CONVERT('abc' USING latin1)); -> 'latin1' mysql> SELECT CHARSET(USER()); -> 'utf8mb3' COERCIBILITY(str) Returns the collation coercibility value of the string argument. mysql> SELECT ...It may be used to time how quickly MySQL processes the ...
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/alter-database.html
alter_option: { [DEFAULT] CHARACTER SET [=] charset_name | [DEFAULT] COLLATE [=] collation_name | [DEFAULT] ENCRYPTION [=] {'Y' | 'N'} | READ ONLY [=] {DEFAULT | 0 | 1} } ALTER DATABASE enables you to change the overall characteristics of a database. For any alter_option omitted from the statement, the database retains its current option value, with the exception that changing the character set may change the collation and vice ...
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/faqs-cjk.html
It is also possible to store CJK characters in Unicode character sets, although the available collations may not sort characters quite as you expect: The utf8 and ucs2 character sets support the characters from Unicode Basic Multilingual Plane (BMP). The collation used for a Unicode character set determines the ability to sort (that is, distinguish) characters in the set: Collations based on Unicode Collation Algorithm (UCA) 4.0.0 distinguish only BMP ...
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/charset-we-sets.html
ascii (US ASCII) collations: ascii_bin ascii_general_ci (default) cp850 (DOS West European) collations: cp850_bin cp850_general_ci (default) dec8 (DEC Western European) collations: dec8_bin dec8_swedish_ci (default) The dec character set is ...
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-index.html
But this approach produces a new issue when trying to use the index: CAST() returns a string with the collation utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci (the server default collation). As a result, there is a collation mismatch between the indexed expression in the ...
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/ldml-rules.html
MySQL recognizes a large enough subset of the syntax that, in many cases, it is possible to download a collation definition from the Unicode Common Locale Data Repository and paste the relevant part (that is, the part between the <rules> and ...This ...