ENUM and
SET columns provide an
efficient way to define columns that can contain only a given
set of values. See Section 11.4.4, “The ENUM Type”, and
Section 11.4.5, “The SET Type”. However, before MySQL 5.0.2,
ENUM and
SET columns do not provide true
constraints on entry of invalid data:
ENUMcolumns always have a default value. If you specify no default value, then it isNULLfor columns that can haveNULL, otherwise it is the first enumeration value in the column definition.If you insert an incorrect value into an
ENUMcolumn or if you force a value into anENUMcolumn withIGNORE, it is set to the reserved enumeration value of0, which is displayed as an empty string in string context.If you insert an incorrect value into a
SETcolumn, the incorrect value is ignored. For example, if the column can contain the values'a','b', and'c', an attempt to assign'a,x,b,y'results in a value of'a,b'.
As of MySQL 5.0.2, you can configure the server to use strict
SQL mode. See Section 5.1.7, “Server SQL Modes”. With strict mode
enabled, the definition of a
ENUM or
SET column does act as a
constraint on values entered into the column. An error occurs
for values that do not satisfy these conditions:
An
ENUMvalue must be one of those listed in the column definition, or the internal numeric equivalent thereof. The value cannot be the error value (that is, 0 or the empty string). For a column defined asENUM('a','b','c'), values such as'','d', or'ax'are invalid and are rejected.A
SETvalue must be the empty string or a value consisting only of the values listed in the column definition separated by commas. For a column defined asSET('a','b','c'), values such as'd'or'a,b,c,d'are invalid and are rejected.
Errors for invalid values can be suppressed in strict mode if
you use INSERT
IGNORE or UPDATE IGNORE. In this
case, a warning is generated rather than an error. For
ENUM, the value is inserted as
the error member (0). For
SET, the value is inserted as
given except that any invalid substrings are deleted. For
example, 'a,x,b,y' results in a value of
'a,b'.
User Comments
like already metioned: "An ENUM value must be one of those listed ..."
when fetching enum fields eg. to an array:
enum('a','b','c') == array(1=>'a', 2=>'b', 3=>'c')