As described in Section 5.2, “MySQL Server Logs”, MySQL Server can create several different log files to help you see what activity is taking place. However, you must clean up these files regularly to ensure that the logs do not take up too much disk space.
When using MySQL with logging enabled, you may want to back up and remove old log files from time to time and tell MySQL to start logging to new files. See Section 7.2, “Database Backup Methods”.
On a Linux (Red Hat) installation, you can use the
mysql-log-rotate script for this. If you
installed MySQL from an RPM distribution, this script should have
been installed automatically. Be careful with this script if you
are using the binary log for replication. You should not remove
binary logs until you are certain that their contents have been
processed by all slaves.
On other systems, you must install a short script yourself that you start from cron (or its equivalent) for handling log files.
For the binary log, you can set the
expire_logs_days system variable
to expire binary log files automatically after a given number of
days (see Section 5.1.4, “Server System Variables”). If you are
using replication, you should set the variable no lower than the
maximum number of days your slaves might lag behind the master. To
remove binary logs on demand, use the PURGE
BINARY LOGS statement (see
Section 13.4.1.1, “PURGE BINARY LOGS Syntax”).
You can force MySQL to start using new log files by flushing the
logs. Log flushing occurs when you issue a
FLUSH LOGS
statement or execute a mysqladmin flush-logs,
mysqladmin refresh, mysqldump
--flush-logs, or mysqldump
--master-data command. See Section 13.7.6.3, “FLUSH Syntax”,
Section 4.5.2, “mysqladmin — Client for Administering a MySQL Server”, and Section 4.5.4, “mysqldump — A Database Backup Program”. In
addition, the binary log is flushed when its size reaches the
value of the max_binlog_size
system variable.
As of MySQL 5.5.3, FLUSH
LOGS supports optional modifiers to enable selective
flushing of individual logs (for example,
FLUSH BINARY
LOGS).
A log-flushing operation does the following:
If general query logging or slow query logging to a log file is enabled, the server closes and reopens the general query log file or slow query log file.
If binary logging is enabled, the server closes the current binary log file and opens a new log file with the next sequence number.
If the server was started with the
--log-erroroption to cause the error log to be written to a file, the result of a log-flushing operation is version dependent:As of MySQL 5.5.7, the server closes and reopens the log file.
Prior to MySQL 5.5.7, the server renames the current log file with the suffix
-old, then creates a new empty log file.
The server creates a new binary log file when you flush the logs.
However, it just closes and reopens the general and slow query log
files. To cause new files to be created on Unix, rename the
current log files before flushing them. At flush time, the server
opens new log files with the original names. For example, if the
general and slow query log files are named
mysql.log and
mysql-slow.log, you can use a series of
commands like this:
shell>cdshell>mysql-data-directorymv mysql.log mysql.oldshell>mv mysql-slow.log mysql-slow.oldshell>mysqladmin flush-logs
On Windows, use rename rather than mv.
At this point, you can make a backup of
mysql.old and
mysql-slow.old and then remove them from
disk.
A similar strategy can be used to back up the error log file, if
there is one, except that, on Windows, you cannot rename the error
log file while the server has it open before MySQL 5.5.7. To
rename the error log file, a stop and restart can be avoided by
flushing the logs to cause the server to rename the current log
file with the suffix -old and create a new
empty error log file. For further information, see
Section 5.2.2, “The Error Log”.
You can rename the general query log or slow query log at runtime by disabling the log:
SET GLOBAL general_log = 'OFF'; SET GLOBAL slow_query_log = 'OFF';
With the logs disabled, rename the log files externally; for example, from the command line. Then enable the logs again:
SET GLOBAL general_log = 'ON'; SET GLOBAL slow_query_log = 'ON';
This method works on any platform and does not require a server restart.
User Comments
I didn't find a useful binary log rotation tool, so I made myself a perl script which I am sharing for those who may interest. The code follows:
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
#Copyright (c) 2003, Diego Antonio Grecco Ribeiro
#All rights reserved.
#Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
#*Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
#*Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/ or other materials provided with the distribution.
#*Neither the name of the Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
#THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
# Number of binary log files left (not counting the one in use)
$num = 2;
# Mysql Server, User and Password
# (make sure the user can connect and has the "super" privilege)
$host = "";
$user = "";
$password = "";
$socket = ""; # Optional
# --- You don't need to edit below here ---
if ($socket!~//) {
$sock = ";mysql_socket=".$socket;
} else {
$sock = "";
}
use DBI;
$dsn = "DBI:mysql::".$host.$sock;
$dbh = DBI->connect($dsn, $user, $password);
if (!$dbh) {
print "\nERROR connecting database - " . $DBI::errstr . ".\n";
exit;
}
$cmd = "SHOW MASTER LOGS";
$sth = $dbh->prepare($cmd);
$sth->execute;
$res = $sth->fetch;
if(!$res){
print "Erro ao selecionar log binario";
} else {
$i = 0;
while ($$res[0]) {
$i++;
$value[$i] = $$res[0];
$res = $sth->fetch;
}
}
$sth->finish;
$val = $i-$num;
if ($value[$val]) {
$cmd2 = "PURGE MASTER LOGS TO '$value[$val]'";
$sth2 = $dbh->prepare($cmd2);
$sth2->execute;
$sth2->finish;
}
$dbh->disconnect;
Thanks for the script, but it should also be able to check one (or more?) slave servers to make sure that they don't still need any of the binary logs you are deleting! As a secondary measure, binary logs which the slave hasn't processed should be deleted only when disk space gets below X percentage.
Here is a PHP script I made after reading Diego's perl script above (posted as a user comment at the time this comment was posted). The purpose is to purge/rotate the binary logs, keeping only the most recent KEEPNUM # of log files. It uses the 'SHOW MASTER LOGS' and 'PURGE MASTER LOGS TO ... ' mechanism in MySQL. Though inspired by Diego's perl script, I don't consider this to be a derivative work. Therefore, the following is hereby public domain if you ask me:
#!/path/to/binary/php -n
<?
define('KEEPNUM', 4);
define('HOST', '');
define('USER', '');
define('PASS', '');
if(!$dbh = mysql_connect(HOST, USER, PASS))
die(mysql_error());
$query = 'SHOW MASTER LOGS';
if(!$rs = mysql_query($query, $dbh))
die(mysql_error());
$lognames = array();
while($row = mysql_fetch_array($rs))
$lognames[] = $row[0];
$oldest_kept_log = $lognames[count($lognames) - KEEPNUM];
$query = "PURGE MASTER LOGS TO '$oldest_kept_log'";
if(!mysql_query($query, $dbh))
die(mysql_error());
print "The MySQL binary logs have been rotated. The oldest log is $oldest_kept_log\n";
?>
php with mysqli extension:
--------------------------------------
#!/path/to/binary/php -n
<?php
define('KEEPNUM', 4);
define('HOST', 'localhost');
define('USER', 'root');
define('PASS', 'foobar');
$dbh = new mysqli(HOST, USER, PASS);
if(mysqli_connect_errno()) die(mysqli_connect_error());
if($result = $dbh->query("SHOW MASTER LOGS"))
{
$lognames = array();
while($row = $result->fetch_array()) $lognames[] = $row[0];
$oldest_kept_log = $lognames[count($lognames) - KEEPNUM];
if(!$dbh->query("PURGE MASTER LOGS TO '$oldest_kept_log'")) die($dbh->error);
print "The MySQL binary logs have been rotated. The oldest log is $oldest_k
ept_log\n";
}
$dbh->close();
?>
--------------------------------------
save as mysqlbinlog_rotate in /etc/cron.daily or whatever
-AA-
This a example script, based on Diegos script, which checks the replication status on the slave (its for a simple master/slave setup) and purges the logs on the master to this state. With $num you can skip the purging of the last $num files. Maybe it helps someone, comments and bugfixes welcome.
#!/usr/bin/perl
# Copyright (c) 2005, Christian Ermel
# Based on the code from Diego Antonio Grecco Ribeiro
# Use as you like. Since this code is based on Diegos code, you must accept
# his license stuff. NO WARRENTY FROM ME AT ALL, USE ON YOU OWN RISK.
# Copyright stuff from Diego:
#
# Copyright (c) 2003, Diego Antonio Grecco Ribeiro
# All rights reserved.
# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,
# are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
# *Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
# this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
# *Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
# this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
# and/ or other materials provided with the distribution.
# *Neither the name of the Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo nor the names
# of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
# this software without specific prior written permission.
# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
# AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
# WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
# IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, i
# INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
# TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
# OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER
# IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
# IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
## logs to keep
$num = 2;
## MASTER data
$m_host = "";
$m_user = "";
$m_password = "";
$m_socket = "";
## SLAVE DATA
$s_host = "";
$s_user = "";
$s_password = "";
$s_socket = "";
#####################
use DBI;
if ($m_socket ne "") {
$m_sock = ";mysql_socket=" . $m_socket;
} else {
$m_sock = "";
}
if ($s_socket ne "") {
$s_sock = ";mysql_socket=" . $s_socket;
} else {
$s_sock = "";
}
## connect to master
$m_dsn = "DBI:mysql::" . $m_host . $m_sock;
$m_dbh = DBI->connect($m_dsn, $m_user, $m_password);
if (!$m_dbh) {
print "\nERROR connecting MASTER database - " . $DBI::errstr . ".\n";
exit;
}
## connect to slave
$s_dsn = "DBI:mysql::" . $s_host . $s_sock;
$s_dbh = DBI->connect($s_dsn, $s_user, $s_password);
if (!$s_dbh) {
print "\nERROR connecting SLAVE database - " . $DBI::errstr . ".\n";
exit;
}
## ask slave which is the last file he has
my $query = s_execsql("SHOW SLAVE STATUS");
my @array = $query->fetchrow_array;
my $last = $array[5];
## extract number out of filename
my @tmp = split(/\./, $last);
my $file = $tmp[0];
my $number = $tmp[1];
my $len = length($number);
## skip the last $num files
if (int($number) > $num) {
$number -= $num;
} else {
## too less files
exit;
}
## fill string with lots of zeros, just to make sure (the are surely better ways to do this, but it works (hopefully :))
for ($x = 0; $x < $len; $x++) {
$number = "0" . $number;
}
## cut out only the amount of zeros we want
$number = substr($number, (length($number) - $len), length($number));
## filename we want to purge too
my $purge = $file . "." . $number;
$sth->finish;
## purge on master
print "Purging master logs to $purge\n";
m_execsql("PURGE MASTER LOGS TO '$purge'");
$sth->finish;
$m_dbh->disconnect;
$s_dbh->disconnect;
exit;
## SUBROUTINES
sub m_execsql {
my $cmd = $_[0];
$sth = $m_dbh->prepare($cmd);
$sth->execute;
return $sth;
}
sub s_execsql {
my $cmd = $_[0];
$sth = $s_dbh->prepare($cmd);
$sth->execute;
return $sth;
}
Great scripts from the previous comments. However, I didn't like running them with full permissions to my db's so... after some (fruitless) searching of the online manuals, and trial and error I found that the only permission required to rotate the logs is: Manage Processes ("PROCESS") privilege.
Update:
I noticed that the logs weren't being rotated. The script was just deleting the oldest log files. To add log file rotation to the script I added these lines near the beginning of the php script:
$query = 'FLUSH LOGS';
if(!$rs = mysql_query($query,$dbh)){
die(mysql_error());
}
This also required further permissions, specifically "RELOAD".
based on Rick Hull ideas I created script to make and rotate binary and full mysql backups
my config binary log is stored in seperate folder. in that
folder I have "backup" folder. I store full and incremental backups there. each backup set(full dump + binary log) is stored in one separate folder(under backup folder).
in my case set_1, set_2, set_3, set_4
every time script is run - it rotates this folders smth like
logrotate.
<?php
/*
Copyright (c) 2006, Abdullaev Nariman based on Rick Hull ideas
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS". SO NO WARRENTY FROM ME AT ALL, USE ON YOU OWN RISK
*/
//-------- config start ---------
define("BASE_DIR", "D:\\MySql5backup");
define("BACKUP_DIR", "backup");
define("FULL_BACKUP_NUMBER", 4);
define("BACKUPSET_FOLDER_NAME", "set_");
define("TMP_DIR", "tmp");
//------- config end ------------
$dbs= mysql_connect('localhost:3307', 'root', '123456');
if (!$dbs) {
die("cannot connect to mysql server!");
}
$cmd_dest_file = ' --result-file='.BASE_DIR.'\\'.BACKUP_DIR.'\\'.TMP_DIR.'\\full.sql';
$cmd_login = ' -u root -p123456';
$cmd_options = ' --flush-logs --lock-all-tables --all-databases';
$cmd_all = $cmd_login . $cmd_dest_file . $cmd_options.' 2>&1';
//print $tmp;
//print_r ($output);
//print $return_var;
$backupset_array = array();
//chdir(BASE_DIR);
if ($handle = opendir(BASE_DIR."//".BACKUP_DIR)) {
//echo "Directory handle: $handle\n";
//echo "Files:\n";
/* This is the correct way to loop over the directory. */
while (false !== ($file = readdir($handle))) {
//echo "$file\n";
if (is_dir(BASE_DIR."//".BACKUP_DIR."//".$file)){
$tmp_folder_name = substr($file, 0, strlen(BACKUPSET_FOLDER_NAME));
//echo $tmp_folder_name."\n";
if ($tmp_folder_name != BACKUPSET_FOLDER_NAME){ continue; }
$tmp_folder_index = substr($file, strlen(BACKUPSET_FOLDER_NAME), strlen($file));
//echo $tmp_folder_index."\n";
if (settype($tmp_folder_index, "integer") == true ){
//if ($tmp_folder_index > 0 and $tmp_folder_index < FULL_BACKUP_NUMBER){
//
//}
$backupset_array[$tmp_folder_index] = $tmp_folder_name;
} else {
continue;
}
} else {
continue;
}
}
closedir($handle);
} else {
die("cannot open BASE_DIR: ".BASE_DIR);
}
chdir(BASE_DIR."\\".BACKUP_DIR);
//print_r($backupset_array);
for ($i=1; $i <= FULL_BACKUP_NUMBER; $i++){
if (!isset($backupset_array[$i])){
if (mkdir(BACKUPSET_FOLDER_NAME.$i)){
print "create missing backup folder: ".BACKUPSET_FOLDER_NAME.$i."\n";
} else {
die ("cannot create missing backup folder: ".BACKUPSET_FOLDER_NAME.$i);
}
}
}
clearstatcache();
for ($i = FULL_BACKUP_NUMBER + 1; $i <= count($backupset_array); $i++){
if (isset($backupset_array[$i])){
if (is_dir(BACKUPSET_FOLDER_NAME.$i)){
if ($handle = opendir(BACKUPSET_FOLDER_NAME.$i)){
while (false !== ($file = readdir($handle))) {
if (is_file(BACKUPSET_FOLDER_NAME.$i."//".$file)){
if (unlink(BACKUPSET_FOLDER_NAME.$i."//".$file)){
print "delete file: ".$file." Ok\n";
} else {
die("cannot delete file: ".$file." Ok\n");
}
}
}
}
closedir($handle);
if (rmdir(BACKUPSET_FOLDER_NAME.$i)){
print "delete extra backup set: ".BACKUPSET_FOLDER_NAME.$i."\n";
} else {
die("cannot delete extra backup set: ".BACKUPSET_FOLDER_NAME.$i);
}
}
}
}
clearstatcache();
if (is_dir(TMP_DIR)){
if ($handle = opendir(TMP_DIR)){
while (false !== ($file = readdir($handle))) {
if (is_file(TMP_DIR."\\".$file)){
if (unlink(TMP_DIR."\\".$file)){
print "delete file: ".TMP_DIR."\\".$file." Ok\n";
} else {
die("cannot delete file: ".TMP_DIR."\\".$file." Ok\n");
}
}
}
}
} else {
if (mkdir(TMP_DIR)){
print "make temp dir: ".TMP_DIR." created Ok\n";
}
}
clearstatcache();
$tmp = exec('"D:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.0\bin\mysqldump"' . $cmd_all, $output, $return_var);
if ($return_var != 0){
print_r ($output);
die("error in mysqldump program");
}
$query = 'SHOW MASTER LOGS';
$rs = mysql_query($query, $dbs);
if(!$rs){
die(mysql_error());
}
$oldest_log_id = mysql_num_rows($rs);
$i = 1;
while($row = mysql_fetch_array($rs) and $i < $oldest_log_id){
if (copy(BASE_DIR."\\".$row[0], BASE_DIR."\\".BACKUP_DIR."\\".TMP_DIR."\\".$row[0])) {
print "copy bin_log file ".$row[0]." to ".BACKUP_DIR."\\".TMP_DIR."\\".$row[0]."\n";
} else {
print "cannot copy bin_log file ".$row[0]." to ".BACKUP_DIR."\\".TMP_DIR."\\".$row[0]."\n";
}
$i++;
}
mysql_fetch_array($rs);
$query = "PURGE MASTER LOGS TO '".$row[0]."'";
if(!mysql_query($query, $dbs)) die(mysql_error());
print "The MySQL binary logs have been rotated. The oldest log is ".$row[0]."\n";
if (is_dir(BACKUPSET_FOLDER_NAME.FULL_BACKUP_NUMBER)){
if ($handle = opendir(BACKUPSET_FOLDER_NAME.FULL_BACKUP_NUMBER)){
while (false !== ($file = readdir($handle))) {
if (is_file(BACKUPSET_FOLDER_NAME.FULL_BACKUP_NUMBER."\\".$file)){
if (unlink(BACKUPSET_FOLDER_NAME.FULL_BACKUP_NUMBER."\\".$file)){
print "delete file: ".BACKUPSET_FOLDER_NAME.FULL_BACKUP_NUMBER."\\".$file." Ok\n";
} else {
die("cannot delete file: ".BACKUPSET_FOLDER_NAME.FULL_BACKUP_NUMBER."\\".$file." Ok\n");
}
}
}
}
closedir($handle);
if (rmdir(BACKUPSET_FOLDER_NAME.FULL_BACKUP_NUMBER)){
print "last backup set: ".BACKUPSET_FOLDER_NAME.FULL_BACKUP_NUMBER." deleted Ok\n";
}
}
clearstatcache();
for ($i= FULL_BACKUP_NUMBER - 1; $i >= 1; $i--){
if (is_dir(BACKUPSET_FOLDER_NAME.$i)){
if (rename(BACKUPSET_FOLDER_NAME.$i, BACKUPSET_FOLDER_NAME.($i + 1))){
print "rename folder ".BACKUPSET_FOLDER_NAME.$i." to ".BACKUPSET_FOLDER_NAME.($i + 1)."\n";
}
}
}
if (rename(TMP_DIR, BACKUPSET_FOLDER_NAME.'1')){
print "rename folder ".TMP_DIR." to ".BACKUPSET_FOLDER_NAME."1"."\n";
}
print "Done!";
?>
I found that most of the log rotation scripts do not work in the case of 'highest load' (n+1 clients connected).
For example, lets say we have set max_connections=n and we have n clients with user privileges and the n+1th client with Superuser privilege (this is a feature supported by MySQL to assist the administrator to monitor the processes and preformance) connected to the server. Assume at this point the cron job for log rotation kicks in. My observation has been that the files are rotated (*.log moved to *.log.0 and *.log afresh is empty), but MySQL fails at restart. Hence, MySQL continues to log into *.log.0! 'ps -eaf | grep mysql' and 'lsof common.log.0' confirms this.
This is because during the restart process, the current MySQL process couldn't be killed. Most of the scripts use mysqladmin to stop the current process. 'mysqladmin' requires a connection to the server. In our example above, all connections are used up and hence, 'mysqladmin' will fail to connect. This scenario could be handled by checking for 'mysqladmin' statement execution failure and then killing the MySQL process by executing 'kill' on the pid.
If you delete all the logs in /var/log/mysql but leave the old mysql-bin.index pointing to them, mysqld will not start because it cannot find the last log file in the index.
Rename /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.index to say mysql-bin.index.bak and retry and a new mysql-bin.index file and log file mysql-bin.000001 will be created.
To turn off log-bin, edit /etc/mysql/my.cnf and comment out log-bin:
#log-bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log
This will save 100MBs of space if you have a fast insert going on.
You also have to comment out the following if you comment out log-bin or mysqld will not start:
#expire_logs_days = 10
A Perl script for a Master with one or more Slaves. It allows different user/passwords for each slave. This one finds the oldest log in use by a slave. It purges the logs up to, but not including, X days before the date of that log, according to $savedays. That is, if the oldest log in use is dated 2008-11-14 and you set $savedays = 1, it will purge all logs dated up to and including the last log from 2008-11-12, not purging those from 2008-11-13. It uses the Perl module Date::Calc, available at cpan.org, to find the previous day's date. I have commented the lines to leave out if you do not want install that module to save the previous day's logs. It will not purge logs from the same date as the oldest log in use. If run as a cron job, the print statements should cause an email to be sent to the cron job user.
Notes: A comment above says that to rotate logs you need only the "PROCESS" privilege - I assume meaning Process_priv. When I try with that, in MySQL version: 5.0.67, I get the error "Access denied; you need the SUPER privilege for this operation." However, since the script is running on the same server as the database, I do not have a problem using a user with Super_priv. In fact, this also deals with another comment above about when there are max connections. This script will use the n+1 connection.
The script does two sanity checks, exiting if either fails:
1. Check that all logs in use by slave(s) exist on the master. If not, it prints the log file name(s), and the slave host using it.
2. Check that the oldest log on the server is older than the date you are purging to.
#!/usr/bin/perl
# This script is in the public domain. No Warranty. Use at your own risk.
use strict;
use DBI;
# For saving previous day's logs
use Date::Calc qw(Add_Delta_Days);
# Master connection
# master user requires Super_priv
my $mstr_dbuser = 'mstruser';
my $mstr_dbpassword = 'mstrpassword';
my $mstr_dbhost = 'mstrhost';
# Change if appropriate.
my $log_dir = '/var/lib/mysql';
# Name for binary logs, from my.cnf: log-bin=
my $log_bin = 'mysql-bin';
# For saving previous day's logs
# Days prior to currently used log file to not purge
my $savedays = 1;
# Slave connection(s)
# slave user requires Repl_client_priv
my @slv_dbusers = ('slvuser1','slvuser2','slvuser3');
my @slv_dbpasswords = ('slvpassword1','slvpassword2','slvpassword3');
my @slv_dbhosts = ('slvhost1','slvhost2','slvhost3');
### No changes needed below here. ##
$log_dir .= '/' unless $log_dir =~ m|/$|;
# Find the date of the oldest log in use by a slave. Use file mtime.
my $time = time;
# Add an hour to make sure $time is later than newest possible log mtime.
$time += 3600;
my ($no_connect,$not_exist);
for (my $i = 0; $i < @slv_dbhosts; $i++) {
my $slv_dbh = DBI->connect('dbi:mysql::'.$slv_dbhosts[$i],$slv_dbusers[$i],$slv_dbpasswords[$i]);
unless ($slv_dbh) {
$no_connect .= 'MySQL binary log purge: error connecting to slave database '.
$slv_dbhosts[$i].' - '.$DBI::errstr."\n";
next;
}
# Use field name to get current log name.
my $sth = $slv_dbh->prepare('show slave status');
$sth->execute;
my $rows = $sth->fetchall_arrayref({});
$sth->finish;
$slv_dbh->disconnect;
if (-f $log_dir.$rows->[0]->{Master_Log_File}) {
# Get mtime of this log file.
my $this_time = (stat($log_dir.$rows->[0]->{Master_Log_File}))[9];
$time = $this_time if $this_time < $time;
} else {
$not_exist .= 'MySQL binary log purge: major error - oldest log in use, by slave host '.
$slv_dbhosts[$i].', does not exist on master: '.
$log_dir.$rows->[0]->{Master_Log_File}."\n";
}
}
if ($no_connect) {
print $no_connect."\n";
exit;
}
if ($not_exist) {
print $not_exist."\n";
exit;
}
my ($day,$mon,$year) = (localtime($time))[3..5];
$year += 1900;
$mon++;
# For saving previous day's logs
$savedays *= -1 unless $savedays < 0;
($year,$mon,$day) = Add_Delta_Days($year,$mon,$day,$savedays);
$mon = '0'.$mon if $mon < 10;
$day = '0'.$day if $day < 10;
# Check if oldest existing log is on or before purge date
# Purge works okay if not, but best to warn in case it indicates problems
my $firstlog = `head -n 1 $log_dir$log_bin.index`;
chomp $firstlog;
my $logtime = (stat($log_dir.$firstlog))[9];
my ($Lsec,$Lmin,$Lhour,$Lday,$Lmon,$Lyear) = (localtime($logtime))[0..5];
$Lyear += 1900;
$Lmon++;
$Lmon = '0'.$Lmon if $Lmon < 10;
$Lday = '0'.$Lday if $Lday < 10;
$Lhour = '0'.$Lhour if $Lhour < 10;
$Lmin = '0'.$Lmin if $Lmin < 10;
$Lsec = '0'.$Lsec if $Lsec < 10;
if ($Lyear.$Lmon.$Lday.$Lhour.$Lmin.$Lsec >= $year.$mon.$day.'000000') {
print 'MySQL binary log purge: oldest log on master is later than, or equal to, '.
$year.'-'.$mon.'-'.$day.' 00:00:00'."\n";
exit;
}
my $mstr_dbh = DBI->connect('dbi:mysql::'.$mstr_dbhost,$mstr_dbuser,$mstr_dbpassword);
unless ($mstr_dbh) {
print 'MySQL binary log purge: error connecting to master database - '.$DBI::errstr."\n";
exit;
}
$mstr_dbh->do('purge binary logs before "'.$year.'-'.$mon.'-'.$day.'" 00:00:00');
$mstr_dbh->disconnect;
print 'MySQL binary log purge: purged before '.$year.'-'.$mon.'-'.$day."\n";
## end ##
The purge statement line in the above script should be:
$mstr_dbh->do('purge binary logs before "'.$year.'-'.$mon.'-'.$day.' 00:00:00"');
A PHP script to purge the master bin logs based on the position of slave. Can also be used to send alerts if slave is found to have a problem as mentioned below. Uncomment the line mentioned to actually purge logs.
<?
# Use as you like. No Warranties please. Use at your own risk.
# The script purges (deletes) the old log files based on the current file on which slave is acting.
# The script was tested by running the same on slave server.
# It additionally sends an email/ sms if some of the parameters on slave are not found as required.
# define the number of logs to keep
define('KEEPNUM', 5);
define('LINEBRK', "\n"); //make it <br> if running on browser
# connectivity settings for the slave (localhost)
define('HOST', 'localhost');
define('USER', 'user');
define('PASS', 'pass');
# connectivity settings for the master (remote)
define('HOSTM', 'x.x.x.x');
define('USERM', 'user');
define('PASSM', 'pass');
function send_email_sms($text)
{
//Put here your code to send email and sms
//return $retval;
}
if(!$dbh = mysql_connect(HOST, USER, PASS)) die(mysql_error());
$query = 'show slave status;';
if(!$rs = mysql_query($query, $dbh)) die(mysql_error());
$row = mysql_fetch_array($rs);
if (strcmp($row['Slave_IO_Running'],"Yes") != 0) send_email_sms("Alert. Slave IO not running.");
if (strcmp($row['Slave_SQL_Running'],"Yes") != 0) send_email_sms("Alert. Slave IO not running.");
if (strcmp($row['Last_Error'],"") != 0) send_email_sms("Alert. Error on Slave. ".$row['Last_Error']);
$x = $row['Master_Log_File'];
echo "Current Master file on which Slave is acting: ".$x.LINEBRK;
if(!$dbhm = mysql_connect(HOSTM, USERM, PASSM)) die(mysql_error());
$query1 = 'show master logs;';
if(!$rs1 = mysql_query($query1, $dbhm)) die(mysql_error());
$lognames = array();
while($row1 = mysql_fetch_array($rs1))
$lognames[] = $row1[0];
$marker = array_search($x,$lognames);
$delmarker = $marker - KEEPNUM;
if($delmarker < 2) {echo "Not enough logs to keep. Exiting..".LINEBRK;exit;}
echo "We are going to purge logs upto (not including) $lognames[$delmarker]".LINEBRK;
$del_query = "PURGE MASTER LOGS TO '$lognames[$delmarker]'";
# Uncomment the following line to actually purge (i.e. delete) the logs
//if(!$rs2 = mysql_query($del_query, $dbhm)) die(mysql_error());
echo "The Master Server MySQL binary logs have been purged. The oldest log now available on the master is $lognames[$delmarker].".LINEBRK;
?>
Here is an upgraded version of the Virender Bhanot ones that could handle multiple slaves. This script could run on CLI or web browser.
#!/usr/bin/php
<?
// purge_master_logs.php - MB 08/10/2012
//
// Source inspired by Virender Bhanot comment's : http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/log-file-maintenance.html
//
// Use as you like. No Warranties please. Use at your own risk.
// The script purges (deletes) the old log files based on the current file on which Slaves are acting.
// It additionally sends an email/ sms if some of the parameters on slave are not found as required.
//
// Modified in order to support multiple slaves. Get the oldest log file used by all slaves in order to use it as the reference.
// The script could be executed on any host (even another one that don't have mysql installed; this is the case for host with only Mysql installed and no PHP).
// Remove nothing if one Slave (or Master) is down or has a problem.
//
// The script assumes that bin log filenames use the default Mysql pattern (e.g. : mysql-bin.000003).
//
// Settings are read from slaves.config and master.config files, one host per line with the following format: host:user:password; comments lines starting with # are ignored.
//
// To display debuging information use ./purge_master_logs.php debug on CLI or purge_master_logs.php?debug on a web browser, by default nothing is displayed in order to avoid cron jobs send e-mails.
//
define('KEEPNUM', 5); // define the number of logs to keep
define('SLAVE_CONFIG_FILE', 'slaves.config');
define('MASTER_CONFIG_FILE', 'master.config');
//---- Nothing to be changed under this line
function send_email_sms($text)
{
//Put here your code to send email and sms
//return $retval;
echo $text . LINEBRK;
exit(1);
}
if( empty($_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']) ) // used on CLI
{
define('LINEBRK', "\n");
parse_str(implode('&', array_slice($argv, 1)), $_GET); // populate $_GET with CLI parameters
}
else
{
define('LINEBRK', "<br>\n"); // make it <br> if running on browser
}
if( isset($_GET['debug']) )
{
$debug = true;
}
else
{
$debug = false;
}
register_shutdown_function('shutdown', $debug); // display nothing (with echo, etc.) when in production (usefull for cron jobs)
ob_start();
//---- Read configs files
//---- Slaves
$slaves_lines = file(SLAVE_CONFIG_FILE, FILE_IGNORE_NEW_LINES | FILE_SKIP_EMPTY_LINES);
if( $slaves_lines === false )
{
send_email_sms("Cannot read Slaves config file (" . SLAVE_CONFIG_FILE . ")");
}
$slaves_host = array();
$slaves_users = array();
$slaves_pass = array();
foreach( $slaves_lines as $line )
{
if( substr($line, 0, strlen('#')) !== '#' ) // lines starting with # are comments, ignore it
{
list($host, $user, $password) = explode(':', $line, 3);
$slaves_host[] = $host;
$slaves_users[] = $user;
$slaves_pass[] = $password;
}
}
unset($slaves_lines);
if( empty($slaves_host) || empty($slaves_users) || empty($slaves_pass) )
{
send_email_sms("No hosts defined in Slaves config file (" . SLAVE_CONFIG_FILE . ")");
}
echo "Slaves config : host|user|password" . LINEBRK;
foreach( $slaves_host as $index => $host )
{
if( empty($slaves_pass[$index]) )
{
$password_txt = 'NOT DEFINED';
}
else
{
$password_txt = 'SET BUT NOT DISPLAYED HERE';
}
echo $host . '|' . $slaves_users[$index] . '|' . $password_txt . LINEBRK;
}
//---- Master
$master_lines = file(MASTER_CONFIG_FILE, FILE_IGNORE_NEW_LINES | FILE_SKIP_EMPTY_LINES);
if( $master_lines === false )
{
send_email_sms("Cannot read Master config file (" . MASTER_CONFIG_FILE . ")");
}
foreach( $master_lines as $line )
{
if( substr($line, 0, strlen('#')) !== '#' ) // lines starting with # are comments, ignore it
{
list($master_host, $master_user, $master_password) = explode(':', $line, 3);
break; // only one line of settings
}
}
unset($master_lines);
if( empty($master_host) || empty($master_user) || empty($master_password) )
{
send_email_sms("Problem when reading Master config file (" . MASTER_CONFIG_FILE . "); missing parameter");
}
echo "Master config : host|user|password" . LINEBRK;
if( empty($master_password) )
{
$password_txt = 'NOT DEFINED';
}
else
{
$password_txt = 'SET BUT NOT DISPLAYED HERE';
}
echo $master_host . '|' . $master_user . '|' . $password_txt . LINEBRK . LINEBRK;
//---- get log files number on each slave
$file_numbers = array();
$min_file_number = 999999;
foreach( $slaves_host as $index => $host )
{
if( !$dbh = mysql_connect($host, $slaves_users[$index], $slaves_pass[$index]) )
{
die(mysql_error() . LINEBRK . "line: " . __LINE__ . LINEBRK . "Host: " . $host . LINEBRK);
}
$query = 'show slave status;';
if( !$rs = mysql_query($query, $dbh) )
{
die(mysql_error() . LINEBRK . "line: " . __LINE__ . LINEBRK . "Host: " . $host . LINEBRK);
}
$row = mysql_fetch_array($rs);
if( strcmp($row['Slave_IO_Running'], "Yes") != 0 )
{
send_email_sms("Alert. Slave IO not running on host: " . $host);
}
if( strcmp($row['Slave_SQL_Running'], "Yes") != 0 )
{
send_email_sms("Alert. Slave SQL not running on host: " . $host);
}
if( strcmp($row['Last_Error'], "") != 0 )
{
send_email_sms("Alert. Error on Slave on host: " . $host . LINEBRK . $row['Last_Error']);
}
mysql_close($dbh);
$log_file = $row['Master_Log_File'];
echo "Current Master file used on Slave host " . $host . ": " . $log_file . LINEBRK;
$ext = pathinfo($log_file, PATHINFO_EXTENSION);
$min_file_number = min($min_file_number, intval($ext)); // the smallest number is the oldest log file
}
$file_name = "mysql-bin." . sprintf("%06d", $min_file_number);
echo LINEBRK . "Current Master oldest file on which Slaves are acting: " . $file_name . LINEBRK;
if( !$dbhm = mysql_connect($master_host, $master_user, $master_password) )
{
send_email_sms(mysql_error() . LINEBRK . "line: " . __LINE__ . LINEBRK);
}
$query1 = 'show master logs;';
if( !$rs1 = mysql_query($query1, $dbhm) )
{
die(mysql_error() . LINEBRK . "line: " . __LINE__ . LINEBRK);
}
$lognames = array();
while( $row1 = mysql_fetch_array($rs1) )
{
$lognames[] = $row1[0];
}
$marker = array_search($file_name, $lognames);
$delmarker = $marker + 1 - KEEPNUM;
if( $delmarker < 2 )
{
echo "Not enough logs to keep. Nothing to purge. Exiting." . LINEBRK;
exit(0);
}
echo "We are going to purge logs up to (not including) $lognames[$delmarker]" . LINEBRK;
$del_query = "PURGE MASTER LOGS TO '$lognames[$delmarker]'";
# Uncomment the following lines to actually purge (i.e. delete) the logs
//if( !$rs2 = mysql_query($del_query, $dbhm) )
//{
// die(mysql_error() . LINEBRK . "line: " . __LINE__ . LINEBRK);
//}
echo "The Master Server MySQL binary logs have been purged. The oldest log now available on the master is $lognames[$delmarker]." . LINEBRK;
exit(0);
/*
* shutdown(): used to display echo's only when debuging is activated
*/
function shutdown($debug)
{
if( $debug )
{
ob_end_flush();
}
else
{
ob_end_clean();
}
}
?>