path_helpers.h

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/* Copyright (c) 2021, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
 
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   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License, version 2.0,
   as published by the Free Software Foundation.
 
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   Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301  USA */
 
#ifndef SQL_RANGE_OPTIMIZER_PATH_HELPERS_H_
#define SQL_RANGE_OPTIMIZER_PATH_HELPERS_H_
 
/**
  @file
  Various small helpers to abstract over the fact that AccessPath can contain
  a number of different range scan types.
 */
 
#include "sql/join_optimizer/access_path.h"
#include "sql/range_optimizer/group_index_skip_scan_plan.h"
#include "sql/range_optimizer/index_merge_plan.h"
#include "sql/range_optimizer/index_range_scan_plan.h"
#include "sql/range_optimizer/index_skip_scan_plan.h"
#include "sql/range_optimizer/range_optimizer.h"
#include "sql/range_optimizer/rowid_ordered_retrieval_plan.h"
 
inline bool is_loose_index_scan(const AccessPath *path) {
  return path->type == AccessPath::INDEX_SKIP_SCAN ||
         path->type == AccessPath::GROUP_INDEX_SKIP_SCAN;
}
 
inline bool is_agg_loose_index_scan(const AccessPath *path) {
  switch (path->type) {
    case AccessPath::INDEX_SKIP_SCAN:
      return path->index_skip_scan().param->has_aggregate_function;
      break;
    case AccessPath::GROUP_INDEX_SKIP_SCAN:
      return path->group_index_skip_scan().param->have_agg_distinct;
      break;
    default:
      return false;
  }
}
 
/**
  Whether the range access method is capable of returning records
  in reverse order.
 */
inline bool reverse_sort_possible(const AccessPath *path) {
  return path->type == AccessPath::INDEX_RANGE_SCAN;
}
 
/**
  Whether the access path is an INDEX_RANGE_SCAN that returns rows in reverse
  order. (Note that non-range index scans return false here.)
 */
inline bool is_reverse_sorted_range(const AccessPath *path) {
  return path->type == AccessPath::INDEX_RANGE_SCAN &&
         path->index_range_scan().reverse;
}
 
/**
  Ask the AccessPath to reverse itself; returns false if successful.
  Overridden only in INDEX_RANGE_SCAN.
 */
inline bool make_reverse(uint used_key_parts, AccessPath *path) {
  if (path->type == AccessPath::INDEX_RANGE_SCAN) {
    if (path->index_range_scan().geometry) {
      return true;
    }
    path->index_range_scan().reverse = true;
    TABLE *table = path->index_range_scan().used_key_part[0].field->table;
    path->index_range_scan().using_extended_key_parts =
        (used_key_parts > table->key_info[path->index_range_scan().index]
                              .user_defined_key_parts);
    return false;
  } else {
    return true;
  }
}
 
inline void set_need_sorted_output(AccessPath *path) {
  switch (path->type) {
    case AccessPath::INDEX_RANGE_SCAN:
      path->index_range_scan().mrr_flags |= HA_MRR_SORTED;
      break;
    case AccessPath::GROUP_INDEX_SKIP_SCAN:
    case AccessPath::INDEX_SKIP_SCAN:
      // Always sorted already.
      break;
    default:
      assert(false);
  }
}
 
/**
  If this is an index range scan, and that range scan uses a single
  index, returns the index used. Otherwise, MAX_KEY.
 */
inline unsigned used_index(const AccessPath *path) {
  switch (path->type) {
    case AccessPath::INDEX_RANGE_SCAN:
      return path->index_range_scan().index;
    case AccessPath::INDEX_SKIP_SCAN:
      return path->index_skip_scan().index;
    case AccessPath::GROUP_INDEX_SKIP_SCAN:
      return path->group_index_skip_scan().index;
    default:
      return MAX_KEY;
  }
}
 
/**
  Return true if there is only one range and this uses the whole unique key.
 */
inline bool unique_key_range(const AccessPath *path) {
  if (path->type != AccessPath::INDEX_RANGE_SCAN) {
    return false;
  }
  if (path->index_range_scan().num_ranges == 1) {
    QUICK_RANGE *tmp = path->index_range_scan().ranges[0];
    if ((tmp->flag & (EQ_RANGE | NULL_RANGE)) == EQ_RANGE) {
      KEY *key =
          path->index_range_scan().used_key_part[0].field->table->key_info +
          path->index_range_scan().index;
      return (key->flags & HA_NOSAME) && key->key_length == tmp->min_length;
    }
  }
  return false;
}
 
inline void get_fields_used(const AccessPath *path, MY_BITMAP *used_fields) {
  switch (path->type) {
    case AccessPath::INDEX_RANGE_SCAN:
      for (uint i = 0; i < path->index_range_scan().num_used_key_parts; ++i) {
        bitmap_set_bit(
            used_fields,
            path->index_range_scan().used_key_part[i].field->field_index());
      }
      break;
    case AccessPath::INDEX_MERGE:
      for (AccessPath *child : *path->index_merge().children) {
        get_fields_used(child, used_fields);
      }
      break;
    case AccessPath::ROWID_INTERSECTION:
      for (AccessPath *child : *path->rowid_intersection().children) {
        get_fields_used(child, used_fields);
      }
      if (path->rowid_intersection().cpk_child != nullptr) {
        get_fields_used(path->rowid_intersection().cpk_child, used_fields);
      }
      break;
    case AccessPath::ROWID_UNION:
      for (AccessPath *child : *path->rowid_union().children) {
        get_fields_used(child, used_fields);
      }
      break;
    case AccessPath::INDEX_SKIP_SCAN:
      for (uint i = 0; i < path->index_skip_scan().num_used_key_parts; ++i) {
        bitmap_set_bit(used_fields, path->index_skip_scan()
                                        .param->index_info->key_part[i]
                                        .field->field_index());
      }
      break;
    case AccessPath::GROUP_INDEX_SKIP_SCAN:
      for (uint i = 0; i < path->group_index_skip_scan().num_used_key_parts;
           ++i) {
        bitmap_set_bit(used_fields, path->group_index_skip_scan()
                                        .param->index_info->key_part[i]
                                        .field->field_index());
      }
      break;
    default:
      assert(false);
  }
}
 
inline unsigned get_used_key_parts(const AccessPath *path) {
  switch (path->type) {
    case AccessPath::INDEX_RANGE_SCAN:
      return path->index_range_scan().num_used_key_parts;
    case AccessPath::INDEX_SKIP_SCAN:
      return path->index_skip_scan().num_used_key_parts;
    case AccessPath::GROUP_INDEX_SKIP_SCAN:
      return path->group_index_skip_scan().num_used_key_parts;
    case AccessPath::INDEX_MERGE:
    case AccessPath::ROWID_INTERSECTION:
    case AccessPath::ROWID_UNION:
      return 0;
    default:
      assert(false);
      return 0;
  }
}
 
/**
  Return whether any index used by this range scan uses the field(s)
  marked in passed bitmap. Assert-fails if not a range scan.
 */
inline bool uses_index_on_fields(const AccessPath *path,
                                 const MY_BITMAP *fields) {
  switch (path->type) {
    case AccessPath::INDEX_RANGE_SCAN:
      return is_key_used(path->index_range_scan().used_key_part[0].field->table,
                         path->index_range_scan().index, fields);
    case AccessPath::INDEX_MERGE:
      for (AccessPath *child : *path->index_merge().children) {
        if (uses_index_on_fields(child, fields)) {
          return true;
        }
      }
      return false;
    case AccessPath::ROWID_INTERSECTION:
      for (AccessPath *child : *path->rowid_intersection().children) {
        if (uses_index_on_fields(child, fields)) {
          return true;
        }
      }
      return path->rowid_intersection().cpk_child != nullptr &&
             uses_index_on_fields(path->rowid_intersection().cpk_child, fields);
    case AccessPath::ROWID_UNION:
      for (AccessPath *child : *path->rowid_union().children) {
        if (uses_index_on_fields(child, fields)) {
          return true;
        }
      }
      return false;
    case AccessPath::INDEX_SKIP_SCAN:
      return is_key_used(path->index_skip_scan().table,
                         path->index_skip_scan().index, fields);
    case AccessPath::GROUP_INDEX_SKIP_SCAN:
      return is_key_used(path->group_index_skip_scan().table,
                         path->group_index_skip_scan().index, fields);
    default:
      assert(false);
      return false;
  }
}
 
/**
  Get the total length of first used_key_parts parts of the key,
  in bytes. Only applicable for range access types that use a single
  index (others will assert-fail).
 */
inline unsigned get_max_used_key_length(const AccessPath *path) {
  switch (path->type) {
    case AccessPath::INDEX_RANGE_SCAN: {
      int max_used_key_length = 0;
      Bounds_checked_array ranges{path->index_range_scan().ranges,
                                  path->index_range_scan().num_ranges};
      for (const QUICK_RANGE *range : ranges) {
        max_used_key_length =
            std::max<int>(max_used_key_length, range->min_length);
        max_used_key_length =
            std::max<int>(max_used_key_length, range->max_length);
      }
      return max_used_key_length;
    }
    case AccessPath::INDEX_SKIP_SCAN: {
      int max_used_key_length = 0;
      KEY_PART_INFO *p = path->index_skip_scan().param->index_info->key_part;
      for (uint i = 0; i < path->index_skip_scan().num_used_key_parts;
           i++, p++) {
        max_used_key_length += p->store_length;
      }
      return max_used_key_length;
    }
    case AccessPath::GROUP_INDEX_SKIP_SCAN:
      return path->group_index_skip_scan().param->max_used_key_length;
    default:
      assert(false);
      return 0;
  }
}
 
/*
  Append text representation of the range scan (what and how is
  merged) to str. The result is added to "Extra" field in EXPLAIN output.
 */
inline void add_info_string(const AccessPath *path, String *str) {
  switch (path->type) {
    case AccessPath::INDEX_RANGE_SCAN: {
      TABLE *table = path->index_range_scan().used_key_part[0].field->table;
      KEY *key_info = table->key_info + path->index_range_scan().index;
      str->append(key_info->name);
      break;
    }
    case AccessPath::INDEX_MERGE: {
      bool first = true;
      TABLE *table = path->index_merge().table;
      str->append(STRING_WITH_LEN("sort_union("));
 
      // For EXPLAIN compatibility with older versions, PRIMARY is always
      // printed last.
      for (bool print_primary : {false, true}) {
        for (AccessPath *child : *path->index_merge().children) {
          const bool is_primary = table->file->primary_key_is_clustered() &&
                                  used_index(child) == table->s->primary_key;
          if (is_primary != print_primary) continue;
          if (!first)
            str->append(',');
          else
            first = false;
          ::add_info_string(child, str);
        }
      }
      str->append(')');
      break;
    }
    case AccessPath::ROWID_INTERSECTION: {
      bool first = true;
      str->append(STRING_WITH_LEN("intersect("));
      for (AccessPath *current : *path->rowid_intersection().children) {
        if (!first)
          str->append(',');
        else
          first = false;
        ::add_info_string(current, str);
      }
      if (path->rowid_intersection().cpk_child) {
        str->append(',');
        ::add_info_string(path->rowid_intersection().cpk_child, str);
      }
      str->append(')');
      break;
    }
    case AccessPath::ROWID_UNION: {
      bool first = true;
      str->append(STRING_WITH_LEN("union("));
      for (AccessPath *current : *path->rowid_union().children) {
        if (!first)
          str->append(',');
        else
          first = false;
        ::add_info_string(current, str);
      }
      str->append(')');
      break;
    }
    case AccessPath::INDEX_SKIP_SCAN: {
      str->append(STRING_WITH_LEN("index_for_skip_scan("));
      str->append(path->index_skip_scan().param->index_info->name);
      str->append(')');
      break;
    }
    case AccessPath::GROUP_INDEX_SKIP_SCAN: {
      str->append(STRING_WITH_LEN("index_for_group_by("));
      str->append(path->group_index_skip_scan().param->index_info->name);
      str->append(')');
      break;
    }
    default:
      assert(false);
  }
}
 
/*
  Append comma-separated list of keys this quick select uses to key_names;
  append comma-separated list of corresponding used lengths to used_lengths.
  This is used by select_describe.
 
  path must be a range scan, or there will be an assert.
 */
inline void add_keys_and_lengths(const AccessPath *path, String *key_names,
                                 String *used_lengths) {
  switch (path->type) {
    case AccessPath::INDEX_RANGE_SCAN: {
      TABLE *table = path->index_range_scan().used_key_part[0].field->table;
      KEY *key_info = table->key_info + path->index_range_scan().index;
      key_names->append(key_info->name);
 
      char buf[64];
      size_t length =
          longlong10_to_str(get_max_used_key_length(path), buf, 10) - buf;
      used_lengths->append(buf, length);
      break;
    }
    case AccessPath::INDEX_MERGE:
      add_keys_and_lengths_index_merge(path, key_names, used_lengths);
      break;
    case AccessPath::ROWID_INTERSECTION:
      add_keys_and_lengths_rowid_intersection(path, key_names, used_lengths);
      break;
    case AccessPath::ROWID_UNION:
      add_keys_and_lengths_rowid_union(path, key_names, used_lengths);
      break;
    case AccessPath::INDEX_SKIP_SCAN: {
      key_names->append(path->index_skip_scan().param->index_info->name);
 
      char buf[64];
      uint length =
          longlong10_to_str(get_max_used_key_length(path), buf, 10) - buf;
      used_lengths->append(buf, length);
 
      break;
    }
    case AccessPath::GROUP_INDEX_SKIP_SCAN: {
      key_names->append(path->group_index_skip_scan().param->index_info->name);
 
      char buf[64];
      uint length =
          longlong10_to_str(get_max_used_key_length(path), buf, 10) - buf;
      used_lengths->append(buf, length);
 
      break;
    }
    default:
      assert(false);
  }
}
 
/**
  Add basic info for this range scan to the optimizer trace.
 
  path must be a range scan, or there will be an assert.
 
  @param thd          Thread handle
  @param param        Parameters for range analysis of this table
  @param trace_object The optimizer trace object the info is appended to
 */
inline void trace_basic_info(THD *thd, const AccessPath *path,
                             const RANGE_OPT_PARAM *param,
                             Opt_trace_object *trace_object) {
  switch (path->type) {
    case AccessPath::INDEX_RANGE_SCAN:
      trace_basic_info_index_range_scan(thd, path, param, trace_object);
      break;
    case AccessPath::INDEX_MERGE:
      trace_basic_info_index_merge(thd, path, param, trace_object);
      break;
    case AccessPath::ROWID_INTERSECTION:
      trace_basic_info_rowid_intersection(thd, path, param, trace_object);
      break;
    case AccessPath::ROWID_UNION:
      trace_basic_info_rowid_union(thd, path, param, trace_object);
      break;
    case AccessPath::INDEX_SKIP_SCAN:
      trace_basic_info_index_skip_scan(thd, path, param, trace_object);
      break;
    case AccessPath::GROUP_INDEX_SKIP_SCAN:
      trace_basic_info_group_index_skip_scan(thd, path, param, trace_object);
      break;
    default:
      assert(false);
  }
}
 
inline bool get_forced_by_hint(const AccessPath *path) {
  switch (path->type) {
    case AccessPath::INDEX_RANGE_SCAN:
      return false;  // There is no hint for plain range scan.
    case AccessPath::INDEX_MERGE:
      return path->index_merge().forced_by_hint;
    case AccessPath::ROWID_INTERSECTION:
      return path->rowid_intersection().forced_by_hint;
    case AccessPath::ROWID_UNION:
      return path->rowid_union().forced_by_hint;
    case AccessPath::INDEX_SKIP_SCAN:
      return path->index_skip_scan().forced_by_hint;
    case AccessPath::GROUP_INDEX_SKIP_SCAN:
      return path->group_index_skip_scan().forced_by_hint;
    default:
      assert(false);
      return false;
  }
}
 
#ifndef NDEBUG
/*
   Print quick select information to DBUG_FILE. Caller is responsible
   for locking DBUG_FILE before this call and unlocking it afterwards.
 */
inline void dbug_dump(const AccessPath *path, int indent, bool verbose) {
  switch (path->type) {
    case AccessPath::INDEX_RANGE_SCAN: {
      const auto &param = path->index_range_scan();
      dbug_dump_range(indent, verbose, param.used_key_part[0].field->table,
                      param.index, param.used_key_part,
                      {param.ranges, param.num_ranges});
      break;
    }
    case AccessPath::INDEX_MERGE: {
      dbug_dump_index_merge(indent, verbose, *path->index_merge().children);
      break;
    }
    case AccessPath::ROWID_INTERSECTION:
      dbug_dump_rowid_intersection(indent, verbose,
                                   *path->index_merge().children);
      break;
    case AccessPath::ROWID_UNION:
      dbug_dump_rowid_union(indent, verbose, *path->index_merge().children);
      break;
    case AccessPath::INDEX_SKIP_SCAN:
      dbug_dump_index_skip_scan(indent, verbose, path);
      break;
    case AccessPath::GROUP_INDEX_SKIP_SCAN:
      dbug_dump_group_index_skip_scan(indent, verbose, path);
      break;
    default:
      assert(false);
  }
}
#endif
 
#endif  // SQL_RANGE_OPTIMIZER_PATH_HELPERS_H_