The content of the security options portion of the MySQL Server Instance Configuration Wizard will depend on whether this is a new installation, or modifying an existing installation.
Setting the root password for a new installation
It is strongly recommended that you set a
root password for your MySQL
server, and the MySQL Server Instance Config
Wizard requires by default that you do so. If you do not
wish to set a root password, uncheck the
box next to the Modify Security
Settings option.

To set the root password, enter the
desired password into both the New root
password and
Confirm boxes.
Setting the root password for an existing installation
If you are modifying the configuration of an existing
configuration, or you are installing an upgrade and the
MySQL Server Instance Configuration Wizard has detected an
existing MySQL system, then you must enter the existing
password for root before changing the
configuration information.

If you want to change the current root
password, enter the desired new password into both the
New root password and
Confirm boxes.
To allow root logins from across the network,
check the box next to the Enable root access from
remote machines option. This decreases the
security of your root account.
To create an anonymous user account, check the box next to the Create An Anonymous Account option. Creating an anonymous account can decrease server security and cause login and permission difficulties. For this reason, it is not recommended.

User Comments
Is it me or does the screen shot not match the description here? I believe the screen states to check here in order to enable users to login from remote machines. The text of the manual seems to be stating the opposite.
Brian,
You are right. It's written here in the opposite way. I've emailed MySQL team about this.
This dialog screenshot does not match the actual installs screenshot which requests the current password. What is the current password ? root ?
David,
If prompted for a current pw, that is the pw associated with a previous installation.
If you don't rmemeber the root password from your previous installation, you have two options:
(1) Uninstall the current and all previous installations completely and then reinstall.
(2) Reset the root password using the method described in B.1.4.1.
Even if you uninstall MySQL completely on Windows, it will still remember the old password somehow and prompt you for it. The dialog will display "Modify Security Settings" and prompt you for the "current root password". If you enter the wrong old password, an error will result. I spent a while trying to fix this problems. On Windows 7, you need to delete the directory called: C:\ProgramData\Mysql. C:\ProgramData is actually hidden, so you might have had problems finding this. In any event, this will help you if you have forgotten the password to your MySQL root account.
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